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FA final exam review > Hip Joint > Flashcards

Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of the hip joint?

A

movement of LE; weight bearing (standing, ambulation)

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2
Q

what are the bones involved in the hip joint?

A

femur and innominate bones

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3
Q

what are the landmarks of the femur?

A

Head
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter introchanteric crest
Gluteal tuberosity

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4
Q

describe the different parts and landmark of the innominate bones?

A

Parts: ilium, ischium, pubis
Landmark: acetabulum

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5
Q

what is the hip joint known as?

A

acetabulofemoral joint

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6
Q

describe the hip joint.

A
  • Bones: head of femur, acetabulum of pelvis
  • enarthrodial/ball and socket joint
  • Few dislocations/subluxations because of large supportive muscles
  • Wide ROM
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7
Q

what are the 4 ligaments in the hip joint?

A
  • Iliofemoral / Y ligament: prevents hyperextension
  • Pubofemoral ligament: limits EOR extension and ABD
  • Ligamentum Teres: limits ADD
  • Ischiofemoral ligament: limits IR
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8
Q

what hip movement occurs in the sagittal plane?

A

Sagittal plane
- Flexion - forward - 120 degrees
- Extension - backward - 30 degrees

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9
Q

what hip movement occurs in the frontal plane?

A
  • ABD - away from midline - 45 degrees
  • ADD - toward midline - 0-30 degrees
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10
Q

what hip movement occurs in the transverse plane?

A
  • ER - knee/foot points laterally out - 50 degrees
  • IR - knee/foot points medially in - 45 degrees
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11
Q

what anterior muscles are involved in the hip joint?

A

rectus femoris

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12
Q

what medial muscles are involved in the hip joint

A
  • Adductors (longus, brevis, magnus)
  • Gracilis
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13
Q

what posterior muscles are involved in the hip joint?

A
  • Biceps femoris
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
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14
Q

what are the 3 compartment of the hip joint and how are they divided?

A
  • Anterior, medial, and posterior
  • Intermuscular septa acts as dividers
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15
Q

rectus femoris origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin
    Anterior inferior iliac spine
    Superior to acetabulum
  • Insertion
    Patella
    Tibial tuberosity via patellar
    tendon
  • Movement
    Hip flexion
    Pelvis anterior tilt
    Knee extension
  • Innervation - femoral nerve (L2-L4)
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16
Q

adductor longus origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin - anterior pubis
  • Insertion - linea aspera
  • Movement
    Hip ADD, ER, and flexion
    Pelvis ant tilt
  • Innervation - obturator (L2-L4)
17
Q

adductor magnus origin, insertion, movement, and innervation.

A
  • Origin
    Pubic ramus
    Ischium
    Ischial tuberosity
  • Insertion
    Linea aspera
    Medial condyloid ridge
    Adductor tubercle
  • Movement
    Hip ADD, ER, extension
  • Innervation - sciatic nerve
    (L4-S3)
18
Q

gracilis origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin - ant pubic ramus
  • Insertion - anterior/middle
    tibia
  • Movement
    Hip ADD, IR, flexion
    Knee weak flexion and IR
  • Innervation - obturator (L2-
    L4)
19
Q

semitendinosus origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin - ishial tuberosity
  • Insertion - anterior/medial
    tibia
  • Movement
    Hip extension and IR
    Knee flexion and IR of flexed
    knee
    Pelvis posterior tilt
  • Innervation - sciatic nerve
    (L4-S3)
20
Q

semimembranosus origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin - ischial tuberosity
  • Insertion - posterior/middle
    tibia
  • Movement
    Hip extension and IR
    Knee flexion and IR of flexed
    knee
    Pelvis posterior tilt
  • Innervation - Sciatic nerve
    (L4-S3)
21
Q

biceps femoris origin, insertion, movement, and innervation

A
  • Origin
    Ischial tuberosity
    Linea aspera
    Lateral condyloid ridge
  • Insertion
    Lateral tibial condyle
    Fibular head
  • Movement
    Hip extension and ER
    Knee flexion and ER or
    flexed knee
    Pelvis posterior tilt
  • Innervation - sciatic nerve
    (L4-S3)
22
Q

agonist and exercises of hip flexion

A

A - iliopsoas, rectus femoris, pectineus, sartorius, tensor fasciae latae
E - marches

23
Q

agonists and exercises of hip extension

A

A - gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semiteninosus, semimembranosus
E - donkey kicks

24
Q

agonists and exercises of hip ABD

A

A - glut med, glut min, glut max, tensor fasciae lactate
E - SL leg raises, hip dips

25
Q

agonists and exercises of hip ADD

A

A - Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
E - TB or pulley hip ADD

26
Q

agonists and exercises of hip IR

A

A - glut med, glut min, TFL
E - SL hip IR with TB at ankles

27
Q

agonist and exercises of hip ER

A

A - glut max, PGOGOQs
E - SL hip ER with TB above knees

28
Q

what are some symptoms of ITB syndrome?

A
  • Pain in lateral hip, thigh, and
    knee
  • Worse at heel strike
  • Increased with running and
    going down stairs
29
Q

what are some causes of ITB syndrome?

A
  • Genu varum - bow-legged
  • Repetitive injury such as
    running on uneven surfaces
30
Q

what is a symptom of Trendelenburg syndrome?

A

Hip drop in unilateral stance

31
Q

what are some causes of Trendelenburg syndrome?

A
  • Glut med weakness
  • Nerve damage
  • Hip dysplasia
  • s/p hip replacement
32
Q

with Trendelenburg syndrome, a hip drop is seen in which leg?

A

a hip drop is seen in the opposite leg of the affected gluteus medius

FA final exam review (13 decks)

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