Shit - Psych Flashcards
Positive vs. negative
positive = do something negative = take away something
Reinforcement vs punishment
Increase behaviour
Decrease behaviour
Reaction formation
UNCONSCIOUSLY replacing bad thoughts/idea with the opposite
Sublimation
CONSCIOULY replacing bad thoughts/idea with something SIMILAR to the wish but that doesn’t conflict with their views
Undoing
symbolically nullifying bad thing with confession/atonement
anaclitic depression
Isolated children become withdrawn/unresponsive
Conditions associated with tourettes
OCD
ADHD
ADHD Rx
Amphetamines:
Methylphenidate, atomoxetine (NRI), Clonidine (a2 agonist)
Tourette’s Rx
Low dose, high potency antipsychotics (i.e. flu)
Clonidine
Tetrabenazine (also used for Huntington’s)
Rett syndrome s/s
Girls
Progressive regression around 1-4; verbal, intellectual, ataxia, hand-writhing
Alzeimers NTS
Low Ach
High glutamate
Anxiety NTs
High NE
Low 5HT
Low GABA
Delerium vs dementia
Delerium = altered consciousness, acute onset, wax and wane, 2’, abnormal EEG
Dementia = decreased intellectual functioning with normal consciousness, gradual, usually irreversible, usually 1’, abnormal EEG
*reversible dementia via hypothyroidism, depression in elderly, B12 deficiency, NPH
Hallucination types:
Visual = medical auditory = psych tactile = alcohol or cocaine olfactory = epilepsy gustatory = epilepsy
Schizophrenia/brain
High DA activity
Decreased dendritic branching
Schiz timelines:
6 m = schizophrenia
Psychotic with mood on top = schizoaffective
> 1month with ONLY delusions
Delusional disorder
[
depersonalization vs. derealization
deperson = out of body
derealize = world seems fake
*both have reality-testing in tact
hypomanic vs manic
Hypoamnic = no psychotic features, no marked impairment, ≥ 4 days
Manic = marked impairment, ≥1 week OR hospitalized
Bipolar I vs. II vs. cyclothymia
I = mania ± depressive or hypomanic II = hypomania + depressive Cyclothymic = hypomania to dysthymia
Rx of bipolar
MOOD STABILIZERS:
lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics
Dysthymia timeline
> 2 years
DMDD Dx
Outbursts 3x/week, disproportional reactions, multiple places
Dx between 6 and 18 years
Normal vs. pathological grief
Normal = shock, denial, anger, guilt, somatic symptoms, HALLUCINATIONS of their voice
Pathologic = >6 months, major depressive criteria, psychotic symptoms (other than the hallucinations)
Venlafaxine treats:
Panic disorder
PTSD
GAD timeline
> 6 months
acute stress disorder vs adjustment disorder vs PTSD
Acute stress disorder = 3d-1m
Adjustment disorder = 6m for chronic stressor
PTSD = >1m
Ego defences with personality disorders
Projection = Paranoid Splitting = boarderline
Russel’s sign
callouses on knuckles from bulimia
Sleep hygiene vs stimulus ctrl
hygeine = caffeine, naps
stimulus = bed for sleep only
Narcolepsy brain
Decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in lateral hypothalamus
GHB for:
Narcolepsy daytime somnolence and cataplexy
RX RLS
dopamine (can be a precursor to parkinson)
RLS vs PLM
RLS = aware of pain and movement to relieve it PML = unaware fo movements
Benzo OD Rx
Flumazenil
Withdrawal existential crisis =
amphetamines
Wernicke encephalopathy s/s
Triad:
- confusion
- opthalamoplegia
- ataxia
Korsakoff
Confabulations
Memory loss
Personality changes
Periventricular hemorrhages and mamillary body degeneration
DTs: s/s and timeline
2-4 days after last drink
Autonomic hyperactivity
