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Jenna's Shit List > Shit - Heme UWorld > Flashcards

Shit - Heme UWorld Flashcards

1
Q

Erb-B2

A

Her-2-nu

Ab = trastuzumab

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2
Q

Fibrin selective thrombolytic:

vs.

non-selective:

A

Selective = tPA, alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase

Non-selective = streptoknase, urokinase

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3
Q

Which cancer creates a tyrosine kinase fusion protein

A

CML: bcr-abl

Rx = imatinib (binds TK)

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4
Q

enoxaparin, dalteparin, fondaparinux

A

LMWH

binds AT-III promoting Xa inactivation

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5
Q

Prothrombin

A

Factor II

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6
Q

PNH triad

A

Pancytopenia: acquired stem cell mutatoin, so other lineages mutated too; can also be aplastic anemia

Negative coombs HA: loss of GPI anchor, so no CD55 or CD59 to inhibit MAC

Vanous thromboses (i.e. budd-chiari): prothrombotic factors released from lysed RBCs and platelets

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7
Q

Reed-sternberg =

A

HODGKINS

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8
Q

yellow-brown pigment =

A

lipofuscin OR hemociderin

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9
Q

Cytic AND solid brain tumour in kids

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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10
Q

Lung cancer with neuroendocrine markers

A

(synaptophysin, chromogranning, neurofilaments, neuron-specific enolase

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11
Q

Prolonged PTT but normal PT and thrombin time = deficiency in:

A

VIII, IX, XI, or XII

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12
Q

von Willibran disease inheritance

A

AD with variable penetrance

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13
Q

increased bleeding time indicates:

A

platelet problem

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14
Q

Cox -1 vs Cox- 2 funcitons/AE

A

Cox-1 blocks TXA-2, so prevents clots/causes bleeding; also blocks PG-I

Cox-2 blocks PGs (and PG-I only wrt blood sutff), so anti-inflammatory but pro-coagular/anti-bleeding

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15
Q

CCl4 causes

A

free-radical damage

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16
Q

Dysplasia vs carcinoma?

A

reversibility

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17
Q

MC location of cancer in LiFraumeni

A

breast, brain, adrenal cortex, sarcomas, leukemias

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18
Q

Angiogenesis GFs

A

VEGF (can be stimulated by IL-1 and IFN-g)

FGF

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19
Q

Aplastic anemia classic signs

A

BM: hypocellular with fatty replacement and stroma

Spleen: NO splenomegaly to complensate (because stem cell problem)

20
Q

Non-truma foot/wrist drop

A

Churg strauss

Lead poisoning

21
Q

Shortest t1/2 of CFs and result

A

VII

In liver problems, PT is first thing to be elevated

(most CFs made in liver)

22
Q

vincrinstine AE

A

neurotoxicity: tingling in fingers and toes (peripheral neuropathy)

23
Q

leucovirin

A

aka folinic acid

THF derivative that doesnt need DHF-reductase to be activated

Rescure for BM suppression, mucositis, GI problems

24
Q

infliximab

A

Anti-TNF-a

25
Q

rituximab

A

MAb-CD20

26
Q

cancer with altered PDGF

A

chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

27
Q

Protein C resistance

A

Factor V leiden mutation

28
Q

Functions of the genes in cancer translocations:

  • 8;14
  • 14;18
  • 11;14
  • 9;22
  • 15;17
A
  • 8;14: 8 = c-myc = TC activator = burkitts
  • 14;18: 18 = bcl-2 = blocks apoptosis = follicular
  • 11;14: 11 = cyclin D1 = cell cycle regulator = mantle cell
  • 9;22: 22 = abl = tyrosine kinase (cyto + nuc) = CML
  • 15;17: 15 = RAR = myelocyte differentiation = PAML
29
Q
A
30
Q

glucose and heme synthesis

A

glucose inhibits ALA-synthase

Rx for AIP

(also blocked by heme)

31
Q

painless waxing and waning LAD

A

follicular lymphoma

32
Q

cachexia hormone

A

TNF-a (cachexin)

33
Q

microsomal monooxygenase

A

= CYP450

Overexpression converts more pro-carcinogens to carcinogens, increasing risk of cancer

34
Q

kid with blasts in periphery with trouble breathing and swallowing

A

T-ALL via mediastinal thymic mass

35
Q

Raltegravir

A

Prevents integration, thus host from making virus mRNA

36
Q

hematology drug causeing neutropenia presenting as fever and mouth ulcers

A

Ticlopidine (ADP-R blocker)

use only if allergic to asprin + clopidogrel

37
Q

PE:

acute management

vs

longterm prevention DOC

A

Acute = herparin

longterm = warfarin

38
Q

lymphocytosis + low ALP

A

CML

39
Q

P glycoprotein mechanism

A

ATP-dependent transporter

in bacteria and cancer cells

40
Q

PUre recc cell aplasia: causes

A

IgG of CD8 against erythroid precursors/progenitors.

Often linked to thymomas and lymphocytic leukemias

41
Q

why do pregnancy catastrophies cause DIC?

A

Thromboplastin (TF/CF III) released from placenta

42
Q

Hemolysis in G6PD

A

INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, asprin, ibuprofen, primaquine, nitrofurantoin

43
Q

most important prognostic factor

A

STAGE = TMN (alnd invasion)

(NOT grade = level of differentiation)

44
Q

Myeloperoxidase +ve leukemia

A

AML

(also see auer rods, these are what stain)

45
Q

Isolated increase in BT

A

Bernard soulier (no GpIb)

ASA (decrease TXA2)

Uremia (platelets to aggregate/adhere properly)

46
Q

cisplatin/carboplatin nephrotoxicity rescue

A

Amifostine and chloride saline diuresis

Jenna's Shit List (23 decks)

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