Sherry Flashcards
what is the word sherry has originated from
sherish
arabic name for
Jerez de la frontera
sherry demarcated district
andalucia
name the 4 grapes of sherry
Palomino Fino
Perdo Ximinez
Moscatel Fino
Palomino de Jerez
name the 2 DOs of sherry
- Jerez-Xeres-Sherry DO
* Manzanilla-Sanlucar Barrameda DO
what is the Consejo regulador
1935
guarentees the authenticity of the wines
sherry style wines from cyprus?
Cypriot fortified wines
in US/EU sherry name legalities
allowed to use name but region must be mentioned
Ex: californian sherry.
what is sherry
a fortified wine and a blend
who is sherry produced and shipped by
Bodegas de Crianza y Expedicion
Soils of sherry
- Albariza
- Arenas
- Barros
Albariza soil?
- grape of palomino fino
- chalk
- white color
- absorbs sun moisture
- prevents soil from drying too much
what are albariza area classified as
Jerez Superior
what are pedro ximinex grapes used for
Blending, sweetening, colouring
Arenas soil?
- muscatel grapes
* sandy, some clay and limestone
Baros soil?
- more fertile
* clay and decomposed organic matter
levante wind?
- hot easterly wine
* dries grapes during ripening
Poniente wind?
- cool westerly wind
* allows the growth of flor
steps in vinification of sherry ?
- harvest
- pressing
- classification of must
- fermentation
- fortification
- classifications
- blending
when the harvest of the sherry grapes take place
late august/september
what is soleo
- process
- PX grapes dried out on ESPARTO grass mat in clear plastic tunnels
- semi raisin state
- very very sweet
maximum yield from 100 kg of sherry grapes
70 L of must
additional 4l for unclassified wine
what are the 3 sections of pressing grapes
- primera yema
- Segunda yema
- mosto prensas
what is yeso or gypsum
added to pressing
* makes wine drier and acidic and clarifies.
NOW = tartaric acid is used
what is the modern alternative for yeso or gypsum
tartaric acid
what are casks called
botas
what is the modern alternative for botas
stainless steel tanks
why are the tanks not filled up to the top
to allow air to come into contact with the new wine
and growth of flor
what will the abv% be before fortification
dry white wine
11 - 12.5 % abv
what is olorosso
no flor
fortified to 17/18 % abv
traditional/oxidative maturation
what is fino
flor develops
sherries on which flor grows
manzanillas
finos
amontillados
name the 4 yeasts of flor
- Saccharomyces
- beticus
- montuliesnsis
- cheresiensis
- rouxii
what is the veil formed by flor called
velo de flor
what is biological fermentation
preventing air from getting to the wine and oxidizing it
abv of fino
15%
600 L botas ?
american or canadian OAk
filled upto 500L
what is the wine called when it is left for ageing for 12 mnths
sobretabla
OR
Anada
what are the 3 basic types of sherries
- Fino
- Palo Cortado
- Oloroso
flor in Palo Cortado
weak
dies when fortified
what is solero system
fractional blending
* old wine is constantly refershed by the addition of younger wine of same style
what are criaderas, minimum?
casks or scales
legal minimum 2 criaderas + solera
what is the 1st criadera called
solera
what does the year on a sherry bottle indicate
the year the solera was laid down
what is new wine or single year wine called
sobretabla
how much wine is drawn off from the solera at a time
only 1/3rd
which grape is used to sweeten or darken the sherry
Pedro ximinez
what else is used to color the sherry
caramel
what is vino dulce
5 % abv pedro ximinez or muscatel must
arrested by addition of grape brandy
sweet
what is used to make sherry darker
arrope
vino de color
how is vino de color made
boiling mosto(unfermentd must) of pedro ximinez grapes down to 1/5 th = arrope 1/3rd = sancocho
what is the final blend called
Cabeceo
what is the cup with long handle called , used to take sherry ?
venencia
traditionla sherry glass
copita
name the 3 main towns where bodegas are located
Jerez de la frontera
sanluca de barremed
puerto de santa maria
name all the types of wines
Manzanilla Fino Amontillado Palo COrtado Olorosos Natural sweet wines Pale cream Medium cream Cream East india Almacenista PX VOS VORS
Manzanilla
very dry
mature entirely in - Sanlucar de Barrameda
* pungent yeasty nose, slightly bitter taste, salty tang
Fino
very dry
delicate
15.5 - 17 %
Amontillado
dry wine amber color = cask maturation biological maturation . = flor * hazelnut character * 16-18 %
Palo Cortado
Rare and expensive attracted flor beofre, but died off early. = amontillado or olorosso * traditional maturation ** cross of fino and amontillado
Olorosos
18-20%
dry
may be sweetedn before bottling
* baked oxidative flavor
Natural sweet wines
pedro ximinez or moscatel grapes
- fermented to 5% , add grape spirit
- 15-22% abv
- dark brown color, very sweet, dried fig, apricot, raisin, liquorice
Pale cream
dry flor wine + rectified concentrated grape must
** upto 15.5 %
Medium cream
amber cream
nutty aroma
** 15.5 - 22 %
Cream
oloroso + sweetening and coloring
- pedro X for sweetening
- 15.5 -22 %
East india
sailing ships
crossing and re crosssing the equator
sherry warms up and cools down gradually
* rich and smooth
LUSTAU brand name for which wine
East India Sherry
who is Almacenista
a stockholder.
- buy sherry, produce solera, sell to sherry houses.
- dry unblended sherries
- for the connoisseur
what is PX
- pedro ximinez
- name of sherry made form 100% sundried PX grapes
- matured for many years
VOS
very old sherry
more than 20 yrs
VORS
very old and rare sherry
age more than 30 yrs
