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Animal Science > Sheep and Goats > Flashcards

Sheep and Goats Flashcards

1
Q

which has hair?

A

goats

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2
Q

which has wool?

A

sheep

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3
Q

whose tail is up?

A

goats

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4
Q

whose tail is down and often docked?

A

sheep

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5
Q

who has narrow, curling horns?

A

goats

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6
Q

who has broad, curling horns (if they are present?)

A

sheep

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7
Q

who has a continuous upper lip?

A

goats

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8
Q

who has separate lip lobes?

A

sheep

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9
Q

who has 60 chromosomes?

A

goats

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10
Q

who has 54 chromosomes?

A

sheep

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11
Q

what are goats called in relation to their diet?

A

browsers

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12
Q

what does it mean to be a browser?

A

goats eat a wide variety of forages, can eat from the ground or vertically, and eat leaves, twigs, forbes, fruit, nuts, tender shrubs, and bark

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13
Q

what are sheep called in relation to their diet?

A

grazers

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14
Q

what does it mean to be a grazer?

A

sheep eat a more limited variety of forages, and are closer to the ground, so they eat grasses and legumes, and weeds

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15
Q

what is an intact male sheep?

A

ram

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16
Q

what is a castrated male sheep?

A

wether

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17
Q

what is a female sheep?

A

ewe

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18
Q

what are all young sheep called?

A

lambs

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19
Q

what was the first breed of sheep, and where was it from?

A

Mouflon, from Mesopotamia

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20
Q

what type of breeders are sheep?

A

seasonal- short day, in the fall

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21
Q

how long is the estrous cycle of a sheep?

A

17 days

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22
Q

how long is a sheep in estrous?

A

30 hours

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23
Q

how long is gestation for sheep?

A

147 days

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24
Q

how long does it take for sheep to reach puberty?

A

6-8 months

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25
what happens on Day 0 of the sheep life cycle?
breeding season, in September-November
26
what happens on Day 147 of the sheep life cycle?
lambing, from March-April
27
what happens on Day 200 of the sheep life cycle?
weaning, from May-June
28
what happens on Day 260 of the sheep life cycle?
market, from July-August
29
what happens on Day 365 of the sheep life cycle?
breeding season again!
30
what are the four types of sheep?
wool, meat, hair breeds, and diverse
31
do wool breeds have thick or thin wool?
thin, about 17-40 microns
32
where are wool breeds found?
Midwest and West, for the cooler temperatures
33
what are the 3 wool breeds?
Navajo Churro, Rambouillet, Romney
34
which wool breed is popular in the US?
Rambouillet
35
what are the sheep meat breeds known for?
carcass and growth characteristics
36
how thick is the wool of the meat breeds?
medium, so limited value
37
how big are the meat sheep breeds?
250-400lbs
38
do the sheep meat breeds live in large or small flocks, and what is their flock called?
small flocks, farm flock
39
where are the sheep meat breeds found?
Midwest. Northeast
40
what are the three sheep meat breeds?
Suffolk, Hampshire, Southdown
41
what are the sheep hair breeds known for?
meat and leather
42
where do the sheep hair breeds thrive?
subtropical to tropical environments, they have adapted to hot and humid climates
43
what resistance do the sheep hair breeds have?
parasite and disease resistance
44
what are the two sheep hair breeds?
Barbados Blackbelly, Katahdin
45
which of the sheep hair breeds is at Berry?
katahdins
46
list three diverse sheep breeds
1. Jacob 2. Shetland 3. Han
47
what is special about Jacob sheep?
the have four horns, and are multi-colored
48
what is special about Shetland sheep?
they have colorful wool
49
what is special about Han sheep?
they can be small or large, but all have the FAT tail where they store energy
50
list 4 other sheep breeds?
Valais Blacknose, British Zwartbles, Blue Texel (the blue is a recessive gene), and Border Leicester (always look surprised)
51
what are the 2 parts of wool fibers?
outside cuticle | inner cortex
52
how is fiber grade and quality measured?
microns (diameter), and crimps per inch
53
how do you get the wool from the sheep?
shearing
54
list the eight steps in woolen manufacturing
1. raw wool 2. scoured wool 3. lanolin 4. dyed wool 5. roving 6. spun yarn 7. unfinished fabric 8. finished fabric
55
why has there been a decline in sheep production in the United States since 1945?
during WWII, soldiers ate a lot of mutton and lamb and got sick of it = conditioned aversion
56
what is a major challenge in the sheep meat industry in the US?
holiday meal seasonality; Easter and Christmas (when people want lamb) doesn't line up with sheep life cycle when they're ready for market
57
what are the four main challenges to the sheep wool industry in the US?
1. the amount of labor required to make wool 2. sheep personality requires shepherds to live in isolation- no one wants to do that 3. synthetic fibers 4. predation: sheep are perfect size for lots of predators, COYOTES responsible for 50% of sheep deaths
58
what kind of dog is commonly used for sheep herding?
Great Pyranese
59
what are the three big opportunities for the sheep industry?
1. wool production: we currently import 70% of wool consumed 2. meat production: imported 273 million lbs in 2018 3. contract grazing: Woodrow Wilson did this at the WH
60
why are lots of sheep wool breeds white?
white is easier to dye different colors
61
what is goat parturition?
kidding
62
what is an intact male goat?
Billy/Buck
63
what is a castrated male goat?
whether
64
what is a female goat?
Nanny/Doe
65
what are all young goats called?
kids
66
what type of breeders are goats?
seasonal- short day
67
how long is the goat estrous cycle?
21 days
68
how long are goats in estrus?
24 hrs
69
how long is goat gestation?
150 days
70
when do goats reach puberty?
5-7 months
71
what is Day 0 of the goat life cycle and when is it?
Breeding season, sept-nov
72
what is Day 150 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?
kidding, Mar-April
73
what is Day 200 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?
weaning, May-June
74
what is Day 260 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?
Market, July-Aug
75
what is Day 365 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?
breeding season, Sept-Nov
76
how many types of goats are there?
4ish
77
what are the types of goats?
1. fiber types 2. dairy 3. meat 4. fainting goats

Animal Science (13 decks)

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