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Animal Science > Sheep and Goats > Flashcards

Sheep and Goats Flashcards

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1
Q

which has hair?

A

goats

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2
Q

which has wool?

A

sheep

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3
Q

whose tail is up?

A

goats

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4
Q

whose tail is down and often docked?

A

sheep

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5
Q

who has narrow, curling horns?

A

goats

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6
Q

who has broad, curling horns (if they are present?)

A

sheep

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7
Q

who has a continuous upper lip?

A

goats

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8
Q

who has separate lip lobes?

A

sheep

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9
Q

who has 60 chromosomes?

A

goats

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10
Q

who has 54 chromosomes?

A

sheep

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11
Q

what are goats called in relation to their diet?

A

browsers

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12
Q

what does it mean to be a browser?

A

goats eat a wide variety of forages, can eat from the ground or vertically, and eat leaves, twigs, forbes, fruit, nuts, tender shrubs, and bark

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13
Q

what are sheep called in relation to their diet?

A

grazers

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14
Q

what does it mean to be a grazer?

A

sheep eat a more limited variety of forages, and are closer to the ground, so they eat grasses and legumes, and weeds

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15
Q

what is an intact male sheep?

A

ram

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16
Q

what is a castrated male sheep?

A

wether

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17
Q

what is a female sheep?

A

ewe

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18
Q

what are all young sheep called?

A

lambs

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19
Q

what was the first breed of sheep, and where was it from?

A

Mouflon, from Mesopotamia

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20
Q

what type of breeders are sheep?

A

seasonal- short day, in the fall

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21
Q

how long is the estrous cycle of a sheep?

A

17 days

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22
Q

how long is a sheep in estrous?

A

30 hours

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23
Q

how long is gestation for sheep?

A

147 days

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24
Q

how long does it take for sheep to reach puberty?

A

6-8 months

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25
Q

what happens on Day 0 of the sheep life cycle?

A

breeding season, in September-November

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26
Q

what happens on Day 147 of the sheep life cycle?

A

lambing, from March-April

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27
Q

what happens on Day 200 of the sheep life cycle?

A

weaning, from May-June

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28
Q

what happens on Day 260 of the sheep life cycle?

A

market, from July-August

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29
Q

what happens on Day 365 of the sheep life cycle?

A

breeding season again!

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30
Q

what are the four types of sheep?

A

wool, meat, hair breeds, and diverse

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31
Q

do wool breeds have thick or thin wool?

A

thin, about 17-40 microns

32
Q

where are wool breeds found?

A

Midwest and West, for the cooler temperatures

33
Q

what are the 3 wool breeds?

A

Navajo Churro, Rambouillet, Romney

34
Q

which wool breed is popular in the US?

A

Rambouillet

35
Q

what are the sheep meat breeds known for?

A

carcass and growth characteristics

36
Q

how thick is the wool of the meat breeds?

A

medium, so limited value

37
Q

how big are the meat sheep breeds?

A

250-400lbs

38
Q

do the sheep meat breeds live in large or small flocks, and what is their flock called?

A

small flocks, farm flock

39
Q

where are the sheep meat breeds found?

A

Midwest. Northeast

40
Q

what are the three sheep meat breeds?

A

Suffolk, Hampshire, Southdown

41
Q

what are the sheep hair breeds known for?

A

meat and leather

42
Q

where do the sheep hair breeds thrive?

A

subtropical to tropical environments, they have adapted to hot and humid climates

43
Q

what resistance do the sheep hair breeds have?

A

parasite and disease resistance

44
Q

what are the two sheep hair breeds?

A

Barbados Blackbelly, Katahdin

45
Q

which of the sheep hair breeds is at Berry?

A

katahdins

46
Q

list three diverse sheep breeds

A
  1. Jacob
  2. Shetland
  3. Han
47
Q

what is special about Jacob sheep?

A

the have four horns, and are multi-colored

48
Q

what is special about Shetland sheep?

A

they have colorful wool

49
Q

what is special about Han sheep?

A

they can be small or large, but all have the FAT tail where they store energy

50
Q

list 4 other sheep breeds?

A

Valais Blacknose, British Zwartbles, Blue Texel (the blue is a recessive gene), and Border Leicester (always look surprised)

51
Q

what are the 2 parts of wool fibers?

A

outside cuticle

inner cortex

52
Q

how is fiber grade and quality measured?

A

microns (diameter), and crimps per inch

53
Q

how do you get the wool from the sheep?

A

shearing

54
Q

list the eight steps in woolen manufacturing

A
  1. raw wool
  2. scoured wool
  3. lanolin
  4. dyed wool
  5. roving
  6. spun yarn
  7. unfinished fabric
  8. finished fabric
55
Q

why has there been a decline in sheep production in the United States since 1945?

A

during WWII, soldiers ate a lot of mutton and lamb and got sick of it = conditioned aversion

56
Q

what is a major challenge in the sheep meat industry in the US?

A

holiday meal seasonality; Easter and Christmas (when people want lamb) doesn’t line up with sheep life cycle when they’re ready for market

57
Q

what are the four main challenges to the sheep wool industry in the US?

A
  1. the amount of labor required to make wool
  2. sheep personality requires shepherds to live in isolation- no one wants to do that
  3. synthetic fibers
  4. predation: sheep are perfect size for lots of predators, COYOTES responsible for 50% of sheep deaths
58
Q

what kind of dog is commonly used for sheep herding?

A

Great Pyranese

59
Q

what are the three big opportunities for the sheep industry?

A
  1. wool production: we currently import 70% of wool consumed
  2. meat production: imported 273 million lbs in 2018
  3. contract grazing: Woodrow Wilson did this at the WH
60
Q

why are lots of sheep wool breeds white?

A

white is easier to dye different colors

61
Q

what is goat parturition?

A

kidding

62
Q

what is an intact male goat?

A

Billy/Buck

63
Q

what is a castrated male goat?

A

whether

64
Q

what is a female goat?

A

Nanny/Doe

65
Q

what are all young goats called?

A

kids

66
Q

what type of breeders are goats?

A

seasonal- short day

67
Q

how long is the goat estrous cycle?

A

21 days

68
Q

how long are goats in estrus?

A

24 hrs

69
Q

how long is goat gestation?

A

150 days

70
Q

when do goats reach puberty?

A

5-7 months

71
Q

what is Day 0 of the goat life cycle and when is it?

A

Breeding season, sept-nov

72
Q

what is Day 150 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?

A

kidding, Mar-April

73
Q

what is Day 200 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?

A

weaning, May-June

74
Q

what is Day 260 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?

A

Market, July-Aug

75
Q

what is Day 365 of the goat life cycle, and when is it?

A

breeding season, Sept-Nov

76
Q

how many types of goats are there?

A

4ish

77
Q

what are the types of goats?

A
  1. fiber types
  2. dairy
  3. meat
  4. fainting goats

Animal Science (13 decks)

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