Equine Flashcards
what is an intact male horse?
stallion
mature female horse?
mare
equine parturition?
foaling
young male equine?
colt
young female equine?
filly
all young horses?
foals
castrated male equine?
gelding
draw the evolution of equines over time based on foot structure
eocene (eohippus) -> oligocene (mesohippus) -> miocene (meryhippus) -> pliocene (pliohippus) -> pleistocene (equus)
what are the scientific names for the modern horse?
pleistocene, or equus
when were horses domesticated and for what purpose originally?
6,000 years ago, milk and meat
what were horses used for in 2,000 BC?
battle, riding (draft), and with carts for riding
what did the domestication of horses do to warfare?
changed it entirely by making transport of armies and food more possible and giving rise to a whole new style of fighting
what happened to horses in 1450 BC?
the Olympics shifted the use of horses to entertainment
when did horses arrive in the United States?
1500’s
approximately how many wild horses (mustangs) and burros are on public land in America?
88,000
how many wild equines are in government holding pens and how many does each cost over the course of its lifetime?
49,000 in pens, $55,000 over lifetime
what are the high approximate management levels for the government holding pens?
26,690; far less than the amount of horses in there currently
how many horse adoptions take place each year in America?
3,000
how much of its budget does the Bureau of Land Management spend on warehousing horses each year?
2/3
from who is it believed that most horses descended from?
Arabians
how are horses measured?
in hands, each hand is 4 inches, from the ground to the point of the withers, or the top of the shoulder
list the 7 types of horses
- draft
- light
- gated
- warmbloods
- pony
- miniature horses
- other equids
list the 3 temperaments of horses
- hotblooded
- coldblooded
- warm (cold+hot blooded)
describe draft horses: function, size, breeds
to pull or haul, large: 16-19 hands and up to 3000lbs, heavy boned and large framed, known for power and forward movement, hard to turn
breeds: Percheron, Belgian, CLYDESDALE