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Animal Science > Male Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

how can we alter/improve reproduction?

A

artificial/in vitro insemination

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2
Q

why do we alter/improve reproduction?

A

species control

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3
Q

what are the five stages of male reproduction (sperm cycle)

A
  1. sperm production
  2. sperm maturation
  3. sperm storage
  4. sperm packaging
  5. sperm delivery
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4
Q

what is sperm production called?

A

spermatogenesis

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5
Q

where does sperm production take place?

A

in the testes

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6
Q

what is the male primary sex organ

A

testes

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7
Q

what structures make up the testes?

A

seminiferous tubules, scrotal sac, and endocrine and exocrine glands

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8
Q

what do the seminiferous tubules do?

A

they are where the sperm mature

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9
Q

what does the scrotal sac do?

A

thermal regulation, by raising or lowering testes and through blood vessels, AND protection

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10
Q

what do the endocrine and exocrine glands of the testes do?

A

hormone and sperm production

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11
Q

what are the three regions of a sperm cell?

A

head, midpiece, and tail

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12
Q

what does the head of sperm do?

A

houses nucleus (DNA)

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13
Q

what does the midpiece of sperm do?

A

houses mitochondria (energy!)

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14
Q

what does the tail of sperm do?

A

acts as a propeller for movement

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15
Q

are all sperm perfect?

A

no, there’s lots of possible defects

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16
Q

name some sperm defects

A

two tails, broken tail, crooked/hooked tail

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17
Q

what specific cells produce testosterone in the testes?

A

Leydig cells

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18
Q

what specific cells produce estrogen in the testes?

A

Sertoli cells

19
Q

where does sperm mature and get stored?

A

epididymis

20
Q

what happens to the sperm in the epididymis head and body?

A

transport and maturation

21
Q

is the sperm fully motile once it reaches the epididymis?

A

no

22
Q

when can sperm technically bond to an oocyte?

A

once it reaches the epididymis body

23
Q

what happens to sperm in the epididymis tail?

A

storage/ejaculation

24
Q

where is sperm packaged?

A

in the accessory glands

25
Q

what does it mean for sperm to be packaged?

A

sperm turns to semen as accessory fluids are added

26
Q

what does the vas deferens do?

A

SPERM TRANSPORT ONLY, from epididymis for ejaculation

27
Q

what are the three accessory glands?

A

seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethra

28
Q

what are the seminal vesicles also called?

A

vesicular glands

29
Q

what is the bulbourethra also called?

A

Cowper’s gland

30
Q

what is semen?

A

sperm and accessory fluids

31
Q

describe a boar’s accessory glands

A

has all 3, very large vesicular glands

32
Q

what is special about a dog’s accessory glands?

A

they only have a prostate gland

33
Q

what two accessory glands do cats have?

A

prostate and bulbourethra

34
Q

what organ is responsible for semen delivery?

A

the penis

35
Q

what are the two types of penis?

A

vascular and fibrous

36
Q

describe a vascular penis and list two animals who have it

A

lots of corpus cavernosum, less tunica albuginea; stallions and dogs

37
Q

describe a fibrous penis and list two animals who have it

A

less corpus cavernosum, more tunica albuginea; bulls and rams

38
Q

what is an os penis and name three animals who have it?

A

penis bone! called a Baculum; dogs, raccoons, walruses

39
Q

what is the glans penis and is everyone’s the same?

A

the structure at the distal end of the penis, varies by species

40
Q

what does a boar’s glans penis look like?

A

a corkscrew

41
Q

what does a ram’s glans penis look like?

A

a urethral process at the end

42
Q

what does an aplaca’s glans penis look like?

A

spikey

43
Q

what does a cat’s glans penis look like?

A

lots of little spikes

44
Q

what is special about the avian male reproductive tract?

A

sperm goes from the vas deferens directly to the cloaca and the out to the female

Animal Science (13 decks)

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