SFBH S6 Flashcards

Question

Whats a wedge resection?

Answer 1

When only part of the lung, not lobe is removed.

Answer 2

* Radiotherapy: use of x-rays to kill cancer cells * Brachytherapy: small tube placed in trachea near tumours to suppress growth * Chemotherapy: use of aggressive cytotoxic drugs to prevent cells multiplying * Targeted therapy: use of specific drugs to ‘switch off’ mutations and restrict cancer growth

Answer 3

* Pain relief medication: help clear phlegm in lungs * Exercise: help speed recovery * Pulmonary rehabilitation: improve breathing and confidence living with one lung * Regular chest x-rays: check sufficient function of lungs * Tablet chemotherapy: administered after chemotherapy * Palliative care: prevent, manage and relieve symptoms of treatment and disease

Answer 4

• Australia’s isolation  helps prevent introduction of some plant and animal diseases o Only effective with quarantine services at every entry point into the country

Answer 5

• Quarantine regulations  prevented entry of foot and mouth disease  disease can devastate livestock industry • Some areas in Australia free of certain viruses e.g. bunchy top virus in bananas o Movement of fruit & plant material across Australian regions  restricted by quarantine laws to prevent the spread of disease • Quarantine regulations  apply to importations, customs at airports and shipping terminals

Answer 6

o Helped prevent entry of plague, cholera, typhus fever, typhoid fever, yellow fever, small pox and leprosy o During outbreaks of small pox  centre used to isolate victims  prevented the spread of disease

Answer 7

many plants and animal pests introduced into Australia without consideration of impact o Result: problems with rabbits, foxes, feral pigs and camels

Answer 8

• Quarantine works well for diseases with short-incubations period, but not well for long-incubation period diseases

Answer 9

• Fire blight

Answer 10

 Bacterial disease  effects pears, apples and other ornamental plants  Native for North America BUT has spread to Europe, Middle East, Central America and New Zealand  Strict quarantine in Australia  controlling entry of any plant material that could be carrying disease  prevented spread of disease o Effectiveness of program will show if disease enters with apples imported from New Zealand

Answer 11

Equine Influenza

Answer 12

 Quarantine blamed for its rapid spread through horses in NSW and QLD in Aug 2007  Originally detected at Eastern Creek  Despite that all horses were detained and tested  disease rapidly spread  Extremely contagious  could be spread on human clothes  Quarantine originally detected virus and restricted horse movement BUT failed to prevent the spread of the disease

Answer 13

Aim: To observe plant shoots and leaves and detect evidence of pathogens and insect pests

Answer 14

Method: Collect a range of garden plants and observe using microscope

Answer 15

* Old Lilly-Pilly: lumps on leaves called pimple gall  deformed growth * Kangaroo Paw Plants: black inky marks on leaves  evidence of fungus that occurs in moist conditions

Answer 16

Conclusion: Discolouration of leaves, deformation of leaves, irregular shaped leaves, furry white growth on base of shoots  evidence of insects and pathogens

Answer 17

 Design to raise public awareness  Influence people to make lifestyle changes that improve their health  Assist in early detection of diseases  Help control and prevent disease by strategies directed at the pathogen, the host and the environment  Increasing emphasis on preventing disease rather than curing disease  Laws requiring governments to keep track of occurrence of certain diseases e.g. AIDS have helped stop spread  need to be isolated or quarantined

Answer 18

"Slip Slop Slap" Campaign and "Grim Reaper Campaign"

Answer 19

 Prevent skin cancer  AUS & NZ  highest rates of skin cancer in the world  >30 Aussies die each week from skin cancer  Use song to raise awareness and achieve purpose

Answer 20

 Campaign against AIDS  Raised awareness of the dangers of contracting AIDS  Promotion of contraception  Use confronting images to raise awareness and achieve purpose

Answer 21

• There has been a shift from waiting for a disease to occur  to preventing the occurrence of a disease before it infects o Agriculture: genetically resistant crops are grown  don’t have to spray pesticides for diseases later in life • Animal and plant diseases  managed by Australian quarantine restrictions o Diseases e.g. foot and mouth, rabies – managed by not allowing infected organisms • Worldwide immunisation against small pox  disease eradicated

Answer 22

Pesticides, Biological control and Medication (antibiotics)

Answer 23

Destroy organisms that damage crops or garden plants, or cause disease in animals

Answer 24

Organisms could form resistance to disease which would prove their eventual ineffectiveness

Answer 25

Controls pests using other living organisms  doesn’t harm environment

Answer 26

Pest may become resistant to the parasite or organism

Answer 27

Eradicate diseases through topical or tablet form

Answer 28

With overuse people could form resistance to antibiotics, and therefore we may run out of antibiotics

Answer 29

Public Health Programs, Transgenic Species, Quarantine Restrictions

Answer 30

Helps maintain disease free communities

Answer 31

Plants are automatically resistant to pests and disease

Answer 32

Prevent spread of disease by prevention of organisms infected with foot and mouth, or rabies, from entering the country

Answer 33

Annoying | Owners have to abandon their animals

Answer 34

No variation in the population

Answer 35

Only promote | Not legally binding or compulsory