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OB: Mother Baby > Sexually Transmitted Infections > Flashcards

Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Chlamydia (effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Can be infected during delivery

Eye infections (neonatal conjunctivitis), pneumonia, low birth weight, preterm birth, stillbirth

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2
Q

Gonorrhea (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Can be infected during delivery

Rhinitis, vaginitis, urethritis, inflammation of sites of fetal monitoring, chorioamnionitis, preterm birth, IUGR

Ophthalmia neonatorum can lead to blindness and sepsis (including arthritis and meningitis).

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3
Q

Genital herpes (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Contamination can occur during birth.

Intellectual disability, blindness, seizures, premature birth, low birth weight, death

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4
Q

HIV/AIDS (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Preterm birth, low birth weight, HIV positive status, intrauterine fetal death, miscarriage

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5
Q

Syphilis (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Can be passed in utero

Can result in fetal or infant death

Congenital syphilis symptoms include skin ulcers, rashes, fever, weakened or hoarse cry, swollen liver and spleen, jaundice and anemia, various deformations.

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6
Q

Trichomoniasis (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

Premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, low birth weight

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7
Q

Genital warts (Effects on Fetus or Newborn)

A

May develop warts in throat (laryngeal papillomatosis); uncommon but life threatening

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8
Q

trichomoniasis

A

common vaginal infection that causes a discharge, but is not always sexually transmitted

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9
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

.

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10
Q

genital/vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

.

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11
Q

gonorrhea

A

.

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12
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

.

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13
Q

sexually transmitted infection (STI)

A

infections of the reproductive tract caused by microorganisms transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sexual intercourse

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14
Q

syphilis

A

.

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15
Q

After one exposure how many times more like is a woman more likely to acquire sexual infections

A

twice

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16
Q

What sexually transmitted infections are characterized by cervicitis?

A

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

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17
Q

What are sexually transmitted infections characterized by vaginal discharge?

A

Vulvovaginal candidiasis
Trichomoniasis
Bacterial vaginosis

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18
Q

What are sexually transmitted Infections characterized by genital ulcers?

A

Genital herpes simplex

Syphilis

19
Q

What are some vaccine-preventable STIs?

A

Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Human papillomavirus (HPV)

20
Q

What are some intimately transmitted ectoparasitic infections?

A

Pediculosis pubis

Scabies

21
Q

What is the treatment for Chlamydia?

A 
Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Erythromycin (EES)
Ofloxacin (Floxin)
Sexual partners need evaluation, testing, and treatment also.
22
Q

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

A

Usually a single dose of one of the following:
Cefixime (Suprax)
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Ofloxacin (Floxin)
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
No Floxin or Cipro if <18 years or pregnant!

23
Q

What is the treatment for pelvis inflammatory disease?

A

Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Usually will be treated for co-infection with chlamydia, so a combination is given (e.g., ceftriaxone and doxycycline).
Sexual partners need evaluation, testing, and treatment also.

24
Q

What is the treatment for Herpes Simplex II (Genital)

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Other antivirals
DOES NOT CURE, just controls symptoms
Sexual partners benefit from evaluation and counseling. If symptomatic, they need treatment. If asymptomatic, offer testing and education.

25
Q

What is treatment for Syphilis?

A

Penicillin G inj. (if penicillin allergy, doxycycline or erythromycin)
Azithromycin; Rocephin, Cipro
Sexual partners need evaluation and testing.

26
Q

What is the treatment for Trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Sexual partners need evaluation, testing, and treatment also.

27
Q

What is the treatment or prevention method for Human Papillomavirus?

A

Treatment is aimed at removing the lesions rather than HPV itself.
Most methods rely on chemical or physical destruction of the lesion:
Imiquimod cream 20%
Podophyllin antimitotic solution 0.5%
Podofilox solution 5%
5-Fluorouracil cream
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Small warts can be removed by:
• Freezing (cryosurgery)
• Burning (electrocautery)
• Laser treatment
Large warts that have not responded to treatment may be removed surgically.
Vaccine administration should be carried out in children ages 11-12 years as a preventable measure.

28
Q

How does chlamydia present?

A

discharge (mucus or pus) Endocervicitis May lead to PID, ectopic pregnancy, & infertility Can cause inflammation of the rectum and lining of the eye (conjunctivitis) Can infect the throat from exposure.

29
Q

How does Gonorrhea present?

A

asymptomatic/recognizable symptoms until serious complications such as PID, Dysuria, Urinary frequency, Vaginal discharge (yellow, foul), Dyspareunia Endocervicitis, Arthritis.
Males: May lead to epididymitis and sterility. Symptoms of rectal infection include discharge, anal itching, and occasional painful bowel movements with fresh blood.

30
Q

How does Herpes present?

A

Blister-like genital lesions
Dysuria
Fever, headache, muscle aches

31
Q

How does syphylis present?

A

Primary infection: Chancre on place of entrance of bacteria (usually vulva or vagina but can develop in other parts of the body)

Secondary infection: Maculopapular rash (hands & feet), Sore throat, Lymphadenopathy, Flu-like symptomsLatent infection, No symptoms, No longer contagious, Many people if not treated will suffer no further signs and symptoms.

Some people will go on to develop tertiary or late syphilis.
Tertiary infections: Tumors of skin, bones & liver, CNS symptoms, CV symptoms, Usually not reversible at this stage

32
Q

How does trichomoniasis present?

A

Many women have symptoms but some may be asymptomatic. Most infected men are asymptomatic. Dysuria Penile discharge (watery, white)

33
Q

How does genital warts present?

A

Wart-like lesions that are soft, moist, or flesh colored and appear on the vulva and cervix and inside and surrounding the vagina and anus Sometimes appear in clusters that resemble cauliflower-like bumps, and are either raised or flat, small or large.

34
Q

What STI is reoccurring and life long?

A

Herpes. 1/6 people have it in the U.S.

35
Q

What is the difference between Herpes I and Herpes II?

A

HSV I is mostly oral, HSV II is mostly genital.

36
Q

Besides Herpes, what other STI can have periods of latency?

A

Syphilis, however, it is curable.

37
Q

What STI can cause cervical cancer?

A

HPV, can be detected early with a pap smear.

38
Q

How is Hepatitis A spread?

A

GI tract, food and water

39
Q

How is Hepatitis B spread?

A

Bodily fluids

40
Q

What systemic virus can you be vaccinated for but has no cure for and causes severe inflammation of the liver?

A

Hepatitis B (and A), while there other forms of hepatitis can inflame the liver and there is not cure, only Hep B & A has a vaccine.

41
Q

Which virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito during the daytime?

A

Zika virus, there is no vaccine given to prevent Zika, or anti-viral medication to treat the infection.

42
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

Sexual intercourse with an infected partner unprotected by condoms, blood transfusions from infected donors or organ transplants from infected donors, needle sticks from contaminated sharps or sharing needles with infected people, and mother-to-infant during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding

43
Q

Which age group is HIV increasing in?

A

13-24 year olds

44
Q

What is the T-cell count for a person to be considered to have AIDS?

A

200 or less

OB: Mother Baby (14 decks)

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