Nursing Management of Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications

Question 1

abortion

Answer 1

the loss of an early pregnancy, usually before week 20 of gestation.

Question 2

abruptio placentae

Answer 2

The premature separation of a normally implanted placenta after the 20th week of gestation prior to birth, which leads to hemorrhage..

Question 3

eclampsia

Answer 3

Onset of seizure activity in a woman with preeclampsia. Magnesium Sulfate given

Question 4

What is the biggest risk in spontaneous abortion?.

Answer 4

Hemorrhage, 15-20 % of all pregnancies

Question 5

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 5

any pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants outside the uterine cavity. Occurs 6-8 weeks after missed menses. HcG Levels will be lower.

Question 6

gestational hypertension

Answer 6

Blood pressure elevation (140/90 mm Hg) identified after 20 weeks’ gestation without proteinuria. Blood pressure returns to normal by 12 weeks’ postpartum. No protein in urine.

Question 7

gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD)

Answer 7

a spectrum of neoplastic disorders that originate in the placenta.

Question 8

high-risk pregnancy

Answer 8

a condition exists that jeopardizes the health of the mother, her fetus, or both.

Question 9

polyhydramnios

Answer 9

hydramnios, is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid (more than 2,000 mL) surrounding the fetus between 32 and 36 weeks. fetal anomalies of development such as upper gastrointestinal obstruction or atresias, neural tube defects, and anterior abdominal-wall defects, together with impaired swallowing in fetuses with chromosomal anomalies, such as trisomy 13 and 18

Question 10

hyperemesis gravidarum

Answer 10

dehydration, weight loss, electrolyte imbalance, and the need for hospitalization. persistent, uncontrollable nausea and vomiting that begins in the first trimester and causes dehydration, ketosis, and weight loss of more than 5% of prepregnancy body weight.
Usually results in increased hCG.

Question 11

multiple gestation

Answer 11

as a pregnancy with two or more fetuses.. This includes twins, triplets, and higher-order multiples such as quadruplets.

Question 12

oligohydramnios

Answer 12

decreased amount of amniotic fluid (less than 500 mL) between 32 and 36 weeks’ gestation.

Question 13

placenta accreta

Answer 13

when the placenta invades the myometrium, and placenta percreta, when it has extended through the myometrium and uterine serosa and adjacent tissue. Potentially life-threatening obstetrical hemorrhagic condition.

Question 14

placenta previa

Answer 14

The placenta implants over the cervical os. Bleeding condition that occurs during the last two trimesters of pregnancy.

Question 15

preeclampsia

Answer 15

most common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, which develops with proteinuria after 20 weeks’ gestation. It is a multisystem disease process, which is classified as mild or severe, depending on the severity of the organ dysfunction..

Question 16

premature rupture of membranes (PROM)

Answer 16

the rupture of the bag of waters before the onset of true labor..

Question 17

preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)

Answer 17

which is defined as rupture of membranes prior to the onset of labor in a woman who is less than 37 weeks’ gestation..

Question 18

When mom is Rh negative, and dad is Rh positive, what is the most important medicine for mom to receive?

Answer 18

Rhogam

Question 19

How is a threatened abortion diagnosed?

Answer 19

Vaginal ultrasound to confirm if sac is empty Declining maternal serum hCG and progesterone levels to provide additional information about viability of pregnancy.
Do an STI test to determine cause.

Question 20

What assessment findings will you find in a threatened abortion?

Answer 20

Vaginal bleeding (often slight) early in a pregnancy No cervical dilation or change in cervical consistency Mild abdominal cramping Closed cervical os No passage of fetal tissue

Question 21

What is the diagnosis of a missed abortion?

Answer 21

Ultrasound to identify products of conception in uterus

Question 22

What are the assessment findings of a missed abortion?

Answer 22

Absent uterine contractions
Irregular spotting
Possible progression to inevitable abortion

Question 23

What is the diagnosing and assessment findings of a habitual abortion?

Answer 23

Validation via client’s history.
History of three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions

Not carrying the pregnancy to viability or term

Question 24

What happens to hCG levels when a patient has Choriocarcinoma?

Answer 24

They go up and no fetal heart beat can be detected even though other pregnancy symptoms are pregnant.

Question 25

Cervical insufficiency

Answer 25

also called premature dilation of the cervix, describes a weak, structurally defective cervix that spontaneously dilates in the absence of uterine contractions in the second trimester, or early third trimester, resulting in the loss of the pregnancy

Question 26

placenta increta

Answer 26

When the placenta invades the myometrium.

Question 27

Chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia:

Answer 27

Occurs in approximately 20% of pregnant women with increased maternal and fetal morbidity rates

Question 28

IUGR (hint:pregnancy)

Answer 28

intrauterine growth restriction

Question 29

How is Magnesium sulfate given for severe preeclampsia?

Answer 29

A loading dose of 4 to 6 g is given over 5 minutes. Then, a maintenance dose of 2 g/hr is given. Calcium gluconate is antidote for toxicity. If seizure occurs, keep patient in a left side-lying position and clear and maintain airway.

Question 30

HELLP

Answer 30

Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count.
liver enzymes such as lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), ALT, and AST; chemistry panel, such as creatinine, BUN, uric acid, and glucose; CBC, including platelet count; coagulation studies, such as PT, PTT, fibrinogen, and bleeding time; and a 24-hour urine collection for protein and creatinine clearance

Question 31

Jaundice cause in babies

Answer 31

immature liver, liver is overwhelmed and the liver cannot process