sexual health learning guide (STDs)

Question 1

What pathogen causes gonorrhoea

Answer 1

neisseria gonorrhoea

Question 2

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea in men

Answer 2

• Asymptomatic
• Thick profuse yellow discharge
• Dysuria

Question 3

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea in women

Answer 3

• Asymptomatic >50%
• Vaginal discharge
• dysuria
• post-coital bleeding

Question 4

How is gonorrhoea diagnosed

Answer 4

• Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
• Urine swab
• Gram stained smear

Question 5

What is the treatment of gonorrhoea

Answer 5

Blind treatment of ceftriaxone 1gIM

Question 6

What pathogen is chlamydia caused by

Answer 6

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 7

What are the symptoms of chlamydia in men

Answer 7

• Asymptomatic
• Slight watery discharge and dysuria
• Conjunctivitis

Question 8

What are the symptoms of chlamydia in women

Answer 8

• Asymptomatic
• Vaginal discharge
• dysuria
• post-coital bleeding

Question 9

What are the complications which can come from chlamydia

Answer 9

• Epididymitis in men
• Pelvic inflammatory diseas in women and therefore ectopic pregnancy
• reactive arthritis:
  Urethritis
  Conjuctivitis
  Arthritis

Question 10

how is chlamydia diagnosed

Answer 10

First void urine sample
NAAT - nucleic acid amplification test

Question 11

What is the treatment for chlamydia

Answer 11

Doxycycline 100mg bd 1 week
Azithromycin 1g orally once if pregnant

Question 12

What causes herpes virus

Answer 12

Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2

Question 13

What is the presentation of herpes

Answer 13

• Asymptomatic
• burning/itching which then blisters and ulcerates
• Tender inguinal lymphadenopathy
• Dysuria
• Neuralgic back, pelvis and leg pain

Question 14

hOW IS hERPES DIAGNOSED

Answer 14

Swab used for PCR

Question 15

What is the treatment of primary outbreak of herpes

Answer 15

Aciclovir - 400mgs 3x a day (tds) for 5 days and lidocaine ointment

Question 16

What is the treatment of herpes with infrequent recurrences

Answer 16

Lidocaine ointment and Aciclovir 1.2g 1x day until symptoms gone

Question 17

What is the treatment of frequent recurrences of herpes

Answer 17

Aciclovir 400mg 2x day as suppression

Question 18

What causes Trichomoniasis

Answer 18

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 19

What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis

Answer 19

Men: asymptomatic
Women: asymptomatic
Profuse thin vaginal discharge which is green, frothy and foul smelling

Question 20

What complications are associated with trichomoniasis

Answer 20

Miscarriage and preterm labour

Question 21

How is trichomoniasis diagnosed

Answer 21

PCR on vaginal swab

Question 22

What is the treatment for trichomoniasis

Answer 22

Metronidiazole - 400mg orally 2x day for 5 days

Question 23

What pathogens cause anogenital warts

Answer 23

• HPV type 6 and 11

Question 24

What are the symptoms of anogenital warts

Answer 24

• Lumps with surface texture of a cauliflower
• Bleeding
• Itching

Question 25

how are anogenital warts diagnosed

Answer 25

• Appearance
• Biopsy if unusual

Question 26

What is the treatment for anogenital warts

Answer 26

• Podophyllotoxin
• Imiquimod
• cryotherapy

Question 27

What pathogen causes syphilis

Answer 27

Treponema pallidum

Question 28

What are the symptoms of syphilis

Answer 28

• Asymptomatic
• Local ulcer
• rash
• mucosal ulceration

Question 29

What is the main complication associated with syphilis

Answer 29

Neurosyphilis - cranial nerve palsies are common

Question 30

How is syphilis diagnosed

Answer 30

• Clinical signs
• Serolagy for TP IgGEIA, TPPA and RPR

Question 31

What is the treatment of late syphilis - more than 2 years since diagnosed and no neuro syphilis

Answer 31

Benzathine penicillin IM weekly for 3 doses or doxycycline if allergy