infertility part 1

Question 1

What are the 4 parts required for conception

Answer 1

Ovulation

Sperm production - healthy sperm required

Fertilisation - sperm nucleus has to successfully fuse with the egg

Implantation - the fertilised egg has to implant into the uterine wall

Question 2

What is the definition of infertility according to WHO

Answer 2

inability to conceive over a 12 month period despite regular exposure to unprotected intercourse

Question 3

When should someone be referred for infertility

Answer 3

No conception after one year of regular unprotected intercourse

Age >35 years

Known cause of infertility

Question 4

What investigations are done to check the ovarian reserve test

Answer 4

Blood test - AMH and FSH

Ultrasound scan

Question 5

How is fallopian tube patency checked

Answer 5

Hysterosalpingogram if there is no pelvic infection or past gynaecological problem

If there is an issue, a laparoscopic dye test can be done

Question 6

What is the first line for ovulation disorders

Answer 6

Optimise BMI, healthy lifestyle and exercise

Question 7

What medication is given for ovulation disorders

Answer 7

Clomiphene citrate

Gonadotrophins