contraception Flashcards
What is teh most effective contraceptive method
Vasectomy
When is the highest chance of pregnancy in the menstrual cycle
Day 8-19
How does the combined pill work
it stops ovulation and also affects the cervical mucus and endometrium
what is the usual regime for the combine pill
3 weeks on 1 week off
What are the non-contraceptive benefits of the combined pill
- Can help heavy or painful bleeding
- Stops ovulation
- Reduced risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer
- Can improve hirsutism and acne
- Reduction in benign breast disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer and osteoporosis
What are the side effects of the combined pill
- Breast tenderness
- Nausea
- Headache
- Irregular bleeding for the first 3 months
What does the combined pill increase the risk of
- DVT
- thrombosis - MI and stroke
- cervical cancer
- breast cancer
Who should not be given combined pill
- BMI >34
- Smokers over 35 years old
- Thrombosis history
- Gall bladder disease
- previous liver tumour
- hypertension
how must the progesterone only pill be taken
Same time everyday without a pill free interval
What are the side effects of the progesterone only pill
- Increased appetite
- Hair loss
- Mood change
- Bloating
- Fluid retention
- Headache
- Acne
How does the progestogen injection work
- prevents ovulation
- Alters cervical mucus making it hostile to sperm
- Makes endometrium unsuitable for implantation
What are the negative side effects of the progestogen injection
no oestrogen so few contraindications but:
- Delay in return to fertility after injection - 9 months
- Reversible reduction in bone density
- Problematic bleeding after 2nd dose
- Weight gain
How long can the progestogen implant last
3 years
What is the main side effect that the implant causes compared to the other types of progesterone only contraceptions
more frequent mood changes
How does the copper IUD work
Toxic to sperm so prevents the sperm from reaching the egg
