sexual health - genital symptoms Flashcards
what are the symptoms the vulvovaginal candidosis cause
Thrush - itch and thick discharge but can be asymptomatic
Who is candidosis more likely to occur in
Reproductive age group
Immunosuppressed individuals:
Diabetes
HIV
pregnancy
How is vulvovaginal candidosis diagnosed
Examination - fissuring, erythema with satellite lesion and the characteristic thick discharge
Gram stain -low sensitivity
Culture - higher sensitivity but requires more work
What is the treatment of candida
Usually corrects by itself but when treatment is required:
Azole antifungals - clotrimazole 500mg once or Fluconazole 250mg once
What is the commonest cause of abnormal vaginal discharge
bacterial vaginosis
What are the symptoms of bacterial vaginosis
Asymptomatic is common but if symptoms present:
Watery grey/yellow ‘fishy’ discharge
Sore and itchy from the dampness
What are the problems which can occur after bacterial vaginosis
Associated with endometritis
Associated with premature labour
Increases risk of HIV acquisition
Describe the discharge for bacterial vaginosis
Thin and homogenous
How is bacterial vaginosis diagnosed
pH - more alkaline shows that it could be bacterial vaginosis
Examination
Gram stain
How is bacterial vaginosis treated
Antibiotics:
Metronidiazole - oral or vaginal gel
Clindamycin - vaginal
Probiotics
Vaginal acidification
What is balanitis
Inflammation of the head of the penis
What are Fox-Fordyce spots
Completely normal - glands of the skin and some are just more prominent
What are tysons glands
Small glands either side of the frenulum which are completely normal and not pathogenic
What is vestibulodynia
pain syndrome - provoked introital tenderness
What is vulvodynia
Pain syndrome - persistent burning or aching of the genital
