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UWorld > Set 6 (Pulmonary) > Flashcards

Set 6 (Pulmonary) Flashcards

1
Q

Pleomorphic
Gram- coccobacillus

Requires X and V factor (hematin, NAD+)

A

H. influenzae

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2
Q

Penetrating injury SUPERIOR to cricoid cartilage

A

Ansa cervicalis
(C1, C2, C3)
(Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Omohyoid)

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3
Q

Mucs-secreting cells of respiratory tree are present to?

A

The level of the smallest bronchi

NO mucous secreting cells w/i bronchioles

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4
Q

Nystatin: indication

A

TOPICAL: oral candidiasis (“swish and swallow”)

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5
Q

Polyene antifungals

A

Amphotericin B
Nystatin
(binds ergosterol in fungal cell membrane)

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6
Q

Which has greater effect on brain perfusion? CO2 or O2

A

Carbon dioxide!!!

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7
Q

Complement-mediated cytotoxcity is a function of what Ig?

A

IgM (mostly)
IgG
(NOT IgE)

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8
Q

Direct-acting alkylating agents a/w?

A

Acute leukemias.

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9
Q

Beta-napthylamine

aniline dynes, rubber industry

A

Bladder carcinoma.

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10
Q

Lactic acidosis associated with what drug?

A

Metformin

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11
Q

L-cysteine enrichment

Charcoal-yeast extract agar

A

Legionella

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12
Q

Griseofulvin indication

A

Dermatophyte (Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Trichophyton)

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13
Q

Anti-fungal that accumulates in keratin-containing tissue

A

Griseofulvin

interacts with fungal MT

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14
Q

Always pathologic when heard in young person: S3 or S4.

A

S4: always.
S3: not always

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15
Q

Antibiotic of choice for treating lung abscesses (anaerobe + aerobic bacterias)

A

Clindamycin (covers both anaerobic AND aerobic)

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16
Q

Metronidazole: coverage

A

Excellent anaerobes

NO aerobes

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17
Q

Ciprofloxacin: coverage of anaerobes.

A

NO.

18
Q

Inferior thyroid artery

posterior to carotid a., jugular v.

A

From thyrocervical trunk (from subclavian a.)

19
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

C. diff
Staphlococcus
GAS

20
Q

Amantadine

A

Impaires uncoating of Influenza A AFTER host cell endocytosis

21
Q

Mast cell activation: maker

A

Widespread mast cell degranulation

22
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Anti-herpesvirus guanine nucleoside analogue

GREATER activity against CMV DNA polymerase

23
Q

Lamivudine

A

Anti-RETROviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

HIV

24
Q

Oseltamivir

A

Sialic acid analogue inhibitor of:

Influenza A and B viral neuraminidase

25
Q

Montelukast

A

LTD4 receptor ANTAgonist

chronic asthma prophylaxis

26
Q

Viral bronchiolitis in infants

A

RSV!

tx: Ribavirin

27
Q

Amphotericin B: MOA

A

Binds to ergosterol of fungal cell membrane

28
Q

Severity of MS:

A

A2-OS interval

Shorter=more severe

29
Q

Hib vaccine

A

Bacterial capsular polysaccharide conjugated w/ diptheria toxoid

30
Q

Amphotericin A/E

A

NEPHROtoxicity
HYPOkalemia
HYPOmagnesemia

31
Q

Infective endocarditis causes stenosis?

A

NO, REGURG

RF can cause MS, MR & AR

32
Q

Omalizumab

A

Inhibit IgE binding to mast cell

Binds to mast cell w/o triggering degranulation

33
Q

Killed or viral component vaccines predominantly generate _______response.

A

Humoral

34
Q

Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is a major risk factor for this respiratory dz?

A

ARDS

35
Q

Ribavirin

A

(nucleoside analog that inhibit synthesis of guanine nucleotide)

RSV
HepC

36
Q

Cold agglutinin formation

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
EBV.
Hematologic malignancy.

37
Q

Zileuton

A

Selective inhibitor of lipoxygenase pathway

Asthma

38
Q

Secondary bacteria pneumonia:

A

S. pneumo
H. flu
S. aureus

39
Q

Isonizid: MOA

A

Inhibit mycolic acid synthesis

activated by mycobacterial enzyme catalase-peroxidase

40
Q

Rifampin MOA

A

Block action of bacterial DNA-dep-RNA polymerase

41
Q

30S

A

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Aminoglycoside

42
Q

50S

A

Clindamycin
Linzezoid
Macrolides
Chloramphenicol

UWorld (17 decks)

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