Session 9 - Injuries of the knee joint

Question 1

What are the three things to think about when considering knee problems?

Answer 1

The C’s

Cartilahge, cruciate, collaterals

Question 2

What is injury to the collateral ligaments caused by?

Answer 2

orce being applied to the side of the knee when the foot is placed on the ground.

Question 3

How can damage to the collateral ligament be assesed?

Answer 3

by asking the patient to medially rotate and laterally rotate the leg. Pain on medial rotation indicates damage to the medial ligament, pain on lateral indicates damage to the lateral ligament.

Question 4

In collateral ligament damage, what happens if tibial collateral ligament is damaged?

Answer 4

More then likely medial meniscus is torn due to their attachment

Question 5

How can the anterior cruciate ligament e torn?

Answer 5

A large force applied to the back of the knee with the joint partly flexed. T

Question 6

How do you test for tearing of anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 6

Anterior drawer sign

Ateempt to pull tibia forwards - if it moves, ligament has been torn

Question 7

How can the posterior cruciate ligament be torn?

Answer 7

hyperextension of the joint, or damage to the upper part of the tibial tuberosity.

Question 8

How do you test for tearing of posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 8

Posterior drawer sign

you can try to push the tibia in the posterior direction, if it moves, the ligament has been torn.

Question 9

What can cause housemaids knee?

Answer 9

Friction between the skin and the patella cause the prepatella bursa to become inflamed producing a swelling on the anterior side of the knee,

Question 10

What can cause clergyman’s knee?

Answer 10

Friction between the skin and tibia can cause the infrapatella bursa to become inflamed resulting in what is known as clergyman’s knee

Question 11

What is a meniscal tear?

Answer 11

Usually involve medial meniscus, causing pain on medial rotation of the tibia. Often occurs in conjuction with Tibial collateral ligament or anterior cruciate ligament tears

Question 12

Why do lateral meniscal tears only rarely occur?

Answer 12

Mobility of the lateral meniscus

Question 13

What does a lateral meniscal tear cause?

Answer 13

Painonlatereal rotation of the tibia

Question 14

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 14

Blow to lateral side of extended knee causes tearing of the tibial collateral ligament, tear/detachment of meniscus from joint capsule and Anterior cruciate ligament tear

Question 15

Describe patella dislocation

Answer 15

ALWAYS dislocates LATERALLY

More common in women due to greater Q angle

Question 16

What is lateral dislocation of patella usually opposed by?

Answer 16

Medial pull of vastus medialis
Als, the more anterior projection of the lateral femoral condyle and deep slop of the larger lateral patellar face cause a mechanical deterrent to latereral dislocation

Question 17

Who are hamstring injuries common in?

Answer 17

Individuals who kick hard, causing violent musclular exertion

Question 18

What is a pulled hamstring?

Answer 18

an excessive stretch or tear of muscle fibers and related tissues.

Question 19

What symptoms are present in an individual with a pulled hamstring? How is it treated?

Answer 19

spasm, tightness, and tenderness. With more severe injury, swelling and a black and blue or bruised appearance will follow in hamstring.
Rest and physio.