Session 9- Anatomy of the Oral Cavity, Tongue and Pharynx

Question 1

what forms the lateral walls of the oral cavity

Answer 1

buccinators

Question 2

what forms the roof of the oral cavity

Answer 2

hard and soft palate

Question 3

what forms the floor is of the oral cavity

Answer 3

2 mylohyoids muscles

tongue

Question 4

what forms the isthmus

Answer 4

soft palate and upper surface of tongue below

Question 5

what is sialolithiasis

Answer 5

stones in the ducts draining the salivary glands causing pain and swelling

Question 6

which gland is most commonly affected by sialothiasis

Answer 6

submandibular

Question 7

what type of epithelium covers the tongue

Answer 7

squamous epithelium

Question 8

how many intrinsic/ extrinsic muscles are there

Answer 8

4

Question 9

what is the tongue anchored to above

Answer 9

styloid process and soft palate

Question 10

what is the tongue anchored to below

Answer 10

hyoid bone and mandible

Question 11

what is the role of genioglossus

Answer 11

protudes the tongue

Question 12

what innervates all the muscles of the tongue

Answer 12

hypoglossal nerve except palatoglossus

Question 13

what innervates palatoglossus

Answer 13

vagus

Question 14

what supplies general sensation ant 2/3 of the tongue

Answer 14

trigeminal nerve- lingual branch of Vc

Question 15

what runs with the lingual nerve and supply taste to the ant 2/3 of tongue

Answer 15

chordae tympani nerve

Question 16

what innervates the post 2/3 of the tongue

Answer 16

glossopharyngeal nerve

-general and special taste sensation

Question 17

what does the pharynx continue as

Answer 17

oesophagus

Question 18

what is the pharynx divided into in order

Answer 18

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

Question 19

what is found in the nasopharynx

Answer 19

eustachian tube
collection of lymphoid tissue
pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids)

Question 20

where do the palatine tonsils lie

Answer 20

either side of oropharynx

-lies in the interval between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

Question 21

what vertrebral bodies lie behind the nasopharynx

Answer 21

C1 vertebrae

Question 22

what vertrebral bodies lie behind the oropharynx

Answer 22

C2 C3

Question 23

what vertrebral bodies lie behind the laryngopharynx

Answer 23

C3 - 6

Question 24

what nerve innervates the pharynx

Answer 24

pharyngeal plexus of nerves- formed by branches of the vagus, glossopharyngeal and sympathetic branches from the superior cervical ganglion

Question 25

what happens when the walls of the pharynx contract

Answer 25

propel food into the oesaphagus

Question 26

what is the name of the common midline tendinous insertion

Answer 26

pharyngeal raphe

Question 27

what 2 muscles does the inferior comsrrictor consist of

Answer 27

thyropharyngeus

cricopharyngeus

Question 28

what is killians dehiscence and what can happen if there os incoordination of the pharynx during swallowing

Answer 28

an area of weakness between the muscles of the inferior constrictor

pressure within pharynx rises and can caue part of the pharyngeal mucosa to herniate through Killians dehiscence forming a pharyngeal pouch or divertculum
-food can get trapped in this

Question 29

what sphincters are in the pharynx

Answer 29

superior middle and inferior

Question 30

what is the sensory supply to the nasopharynx

Answer 30

maxillary branch of the trigeminal

Question 31

sensory supply to oropharynx

Answer 31

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 32

sensory supply to the laryngopharynx

Answer 32

vagus nerve

Question 33

what forms the Waldeyer’s ring

Answer 33

pharyngeal tonsils
palatine tonsils
lingual tonsils

Question 34

what happens when the adenoids are chronically inflamed

Answer 34

may obstruct the passage of air from the nasal cavities through the choaenae causing mouth breathing

they can block the exit of the pharyngotympanic tube and lead to middle ear infections- acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion

Question 35

what pathology can occur at the piriform fossa

Answer 35

foreign bodies can get stuck- chicken bone

pharyngeal cancers