Major blood vessels of the head and neck Flashcards
Where does the arterial supply to the head and neck arise from
Right and left common carotid arteries and vertebral arteries
Where does the righ common carotid artery originate from
Brachiocephalic artery behind the right SCM joint
Where does the does the left common carotid arise from
Arch of the aorta
What is the carotid sheath
A fascial envelope enclosing the common carotid artery internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
What is the position of the neurovascular bundle in the carotid sheath
The sheath is thin over the vein, thick over the artery. The artery lies medically and the vein is lateral and nerve behind
Where is th sympathetic chain in relation to the carotid sheath
Outside the sheath, medially ad behind it
Where does the common carotid bifurcate
At the level of the upper border of he thyroid cartilage (C4) and divide into internal and external carotid arteries
Why is the internal carotid more bulbous
Carotid sinus
How can you distinguish between the internal and external carotid
Lack of branches on internal and enters the skull through the carotid canal
Branches of the external carotid
Some anatomists like freaking out poor medical students
Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Maxillary Superficial temporal
What are the terminal branches of the external carotid
Maxillary and superficial temporal arteries
What supplies the Meningies and skull bones
Middle meningeal artery
What supplies the tissues of the scalp
branches from the internal carotid artery(supra-orbital and supratrochlear) and the external carotid (superficial temporal, posterior auricular and occipital)
Temporal arterititis
A form of vasculitis involving small and medium size vessels
What vein drains the structures in the scalp, face and neck
Facial vein which joins the IJV
Superior border of carotid triangle
Posterior belly of digastric muscle
Medial/ inferior border of carotid triangle
Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
What forms the lateral border of the carotid triangle
Medial border of SCM
Why is the carotid triangle important
Common carotid bifurcates here
This is a common site for atherosclerosis which can rupture and cause an embolus
What is the scalp made up of
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose Areolar tissue Periosteum
Where do vessels lie in the scalp
Subcutaneous connective tissue layers
what relates to the ant fontanelle
bregma
what relates to the post fontanellle
lamda
where is the bregma
point of intersection between coronal suture and saggital suture
where is the lamda
point of intersection between sagittal suture and lambdoid suture
what is the route of the ICA extra-cranially to intracranially
continues up the neck within the carotid sheath and enters the cranial cavity through a small bony canal within the petrous part of the temporal bone
