Sensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

types of senses

A
  • mechanoreception
  • electroreception
  • vision
  • chemoreception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

two systems of mechanoreception

A
  • lateral line
  • inner ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

water is an excellent conductor of _____________

A

vibrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do the systems of mechanoreception detect vibrations?

A

sensory hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lateral line systems

A
  • canals
  • neuromast with hair cells & cupula
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

canals

A

openings between scales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

movement of hair cells & capula

A

creates an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

inner ear functions

A
  • equilibrium
  • sound detection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

inner ear: equilibrium

A
  • pars superior
  • pitch, yaw, roll, acceleration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pars superior

A
  • upper inner ear
  • 3 semi-circular canals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inner ear: sound detection

A

pars inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pars inferior

A
  • lower inner ear
  • sacculus & lagena with otoliths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

use of otoliths

A

useful for aging fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Weberian Apparatus

A
  • 60% of freshwater species
  • derived from first verts
  • connects gas bladder to inner ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sound production from the Weberian apparatus

A

fish may produce sound using the bones & muscles of the Weberian apparatus against the gas bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

additional sound production in some fish by:

A
  • bones of pectoral girdle
  • grinding of pharyngeal teeth
  • rapid beating of fins
17
Q

electroreception in water

A

resistance of water is low enough for electrical currents to be detected

18
Q

uses of electroreception

A
  • prey detection
  • predation
  • communication
19
Q

electroreception receptors

A
  • ampullary receptor
  • tuberous receptor
20
Q

ampullary receptor

A
  • detection of weak electric fields generated by other organisms
  • ampullae of Lorenzini
21
Q

what fish have ampullae of Lorenzini?

A
  • sharks
  • paddlefish
  • sturgeon
22
Q

tuberous receptor

A

detection of disturbances to electric field generated by electric organ discharge

23
Q

electric field generation & detection

A

electrocytes stacked in a series to generate higher currents

24
Q

electrocytes

A

modified muscle cells

25
Q

weakly electric fish

A
  • elephant fish
  • knife fish
26
Q

strongly electric fish

A
  • electric eel
  • torpedo ray
27
Q

vision

A
  • basic vertebrate design
  • rods & cones
  • some fish in shallow waters can detect UV light
28
Q

rods

A

low light detection

29
Q

cones

A

high light detection

30
Q

ratios of rods & cones vary depending in fish species:

A
  • depth
  • life stage
31
Q

tapetum lucidum

A
  • guanine crystals
  • melanoid substances in the choroid
32
Q

eye placement

A
  • generally lateral for wide field of view
  • upward orientation for surface feeders
  • double eye in one deep sea species
33
Q

anableos

A

derived lens for air/water vision

34
Q

periopthalmus

A

pocket below eye to retract eye for moistening

35
Q

taste buds

A
  • mouth, gill rakers, pharynx
  • barbels, fins
  • gustatory cortex
36
Q

gustatory complex

A

may be enlarged in some species

37
Q

olfaction process

A
  • olfactory epithelium
  • 1st cranial nerve
  • olfactory lobe