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Ichthyology > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Teleosts

A
  • 42 orders
  • 431 families
  • 24,000+ species
  • 96% of all living things
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2
Q

Teleost characteristic

A
  • end bone
  • homocercal tail
  • evolution of jaw
  • variation in paired fin position
  • great variation in feeding ecology
  • Mesozoic origin
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3
Q

subdivisions of Teleosts

A
  • Elopomorpha
  • Osteoglossomorpha
  • Otocephala
  • Euteleostei
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4
Q

Elopomorpha characteristics

A
  • gular bone
  • Leptocephalus larvae
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5
Q

Elopomorpha examples

A
  • tarpons
  • eels
  • gulpers
  • swallowers
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6
Q

Leptocephalus larvae

A
  • feeds on organic matter through skin and on small zooplankton
  • long lived
  • oceanic current dispersal
  • lacks RBC’s
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7
Q

Order Elopiformes

A
  • large cycloid scales
  • families Elopidae & Megalopidae
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8
Q

family Elopidae

A
  • ladyfish & tenpounders
  • marine
  • 5 species
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9
Q

family Megalopidae

A
  • tarpon
  • very high fecundity
  • marine
  • 2 species
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10
Q

Order Albuliformes families

A
  • Albulidae
  • Halosauridae
  • Notacanthidae
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11
Q

Order Anguilliformes

A
  • 15 families
  • marine
  • catadromous
  • loss of pelvic girdle
  • reduced or absent paired fins
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12
Q

family Anguillidae

A
  • catadromous
  • Anguillia rostrata
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13
Q

catadromous

A

adults in freshwater, migrate to the sea for reproduction

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14
Q

family Murdenidae

A
  • moray eels
  • marine, rocky shore habitats
  • tropical/ temperate
  • lack paired fins
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15
Q

family Congridae

A
  • 150 species
  • tropical & subtropical seas
  • worldwide
  • important food fish
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16
Q

Order Saccopharyngiformes

A
  • swallowers & gulpers
  • highly modified gape
  • loss of paired fins, ribs, swim bladder
  • light producing organs in some
  • marine, deep water
17
Q

subdivision Osteoglossomorpha

A
  • teeth located on tongue & roof of mouth
  • cycloid scales
  • dominant freshwater fish before appearance of Ostariophysans
18
Q

family Osteoglossidae

A
  • 7 species
  • tropical
  • physostomus swim bladder
  • can air breathe via swim bladder
  • mouth pouch for incubation
19
Q

family Hiodontidae

A
  • 2 species
  • large eye w tapetum lucidum
  • Mississippi & Laurentain drainages
20
Q

family Pantodontidae

A
  • butterfly fish
  • 1 species, W Africa
21
Q

family Notopteridae

A
  • featherfin, knifefish
  • 8 species
  • Asia, Africa
22
Q

family Mormyridae

A
  • elephant fish
  • 200 species
  • Africa
  • weakly electric
  • largest cerebellum of any fish
  • species flock in E. African rivers

Ichthyology (16 decks)

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