Sensory System Disorders Flashcards
Priority nursing intervention for chemical splash in the eyes (608)
Flush with water for >15 minutes.
How do you use the Snellen chart (608)
Stand 20’ from the chart.Cover one eye.Read above or below the 20/20 line.Repeat using the other eye.Document.
Hyperopia
Far sightedness.
Myopia
Near sightedness.
Strabismus
Cross-eyed.
Astigmatism
Irregular shape of the cornea.
Sjogren’s syndrome (615, 616)
Immunologic disorder characterized by deficient fluid production by the lacrimal, salivary, and other glands. Abnormal dryness of the mouth, eyes, and other mucous membranes.
Patient teaching for vertigo (640)
Lie down immediately.Call for help before an attack.Pull over if driving. Stay immobile.Ask for assistance.Take medications.
Medications that constrict the iris (625)
Miotics - agents that cause the pupils to constrict. This allows for the aqueous humor fluid to drain through the canal of Schlemm.Example is pilocarpine.
Glaucoma (624)
Group of diseases characterized by increasing IOP due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor. Results in optic nerve atrophy and progressive loss of peripheral vision.
Cataracts
Crystalline opacity or clouding of the lens.
Signs and symptoms of retinal detachment
Flashing lights, floaters, progressive vision restriction.”Curtain is being drawn down across the eye.”
Best treatment for macular degeneration (dry type) (621)
AKA non-exudative nonneovascular macular degeneration. Lipid deposits lead to atrophy and degradation of tissue. There is no treatment for dry type.
Photocoagulation (621, 630)
Wet type ARMD treatment by laser to destroy abnormal blood vessels. Laser also destroys photoreceptor cells and the retina. Used to seal leaks and destroy offensive tissues.
Structure responsible for balance and coordination
Semicircular canals
Observations for presentation of diabetic retinopathy (618)
Disorder of retinal blood vessels, caused by capillary microaneurysms, hemorrhage, and exudate. Dilated and tortuous vessels with narrowing of the arteries. Opacities, hemorrhage, and microaneurysms are observed.
Post-op care for a cataract patient (617, 618)
Patient teaching: antibiotic and corticosteroid medications, avoid activities that increase IOP. Use of eye shields, contact doctor if there’s pain, avoid bending, stooping, coughing, or lifting. Administer drops directly into conjunctival sac.
Home modifications for the visually impaired
Removal of area rugs, adequate lighting, and other obvious interventions.
Post-op care for cataract surgery (618)
Antibiotics - prevents infection.Corticosteroids - minimize inflammatory response.Contact doctor for erythema, pain, drainage, or vision changes.