Pediatrics 1 Flashcards
Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development
Sensorimotor.
Preoperational Thought.
Concrete Operational Thought.
Formal Operational Thought.
Piaget’s Sensorimotor
0-2 Years.
Uses senses to understand the world. Begins to interact with environment. Develops thinking and goal-directed behavior.
Piaget’s Preoperational Thought
2-6 Years.
Develops egocentric thinking. Uses trial and error. Conceptualizes present time only. Logic, intuitive thinking. Imagination.
Piaget’s Concrete Operational Thought
7-11 Years.
Understands logical operations. Has realistic views. Improved memory. Multitasking. Cause-and-effect. Conversational.
Piaget’s Formal Operational Thought
12+ Years.
Systematic, scientific problem solving. Recognizes past, present, and future. Abstract and hypothetical concepts. Ethical, political, and social issues.
The father of pediatrics and founder of “milk stations.”
Abraham Jacobi
Founded the Henry Street Settlement in New York City, and consequently Public Health and Community Nursing.
Lillian Wald
Purpose of pediatric nursing.
Promoting the highest possible state of health in children.
A 4-year old child is being hospitalized for the first time. His parents are apprehensive about the unknown. The nurse will best address their concerns by.
Beginning to provide anticipatory guidance explanations and preparation on first contact.
The single most important influence on growth in the child is thought to be.
Nutrition
The most effective method to prepare a child for a pediatric procedure is the.
Sensation-based approach
A 16-month old child was admitted to the pediatric floor following surgery for a cleft palate. Why would an elbow SRD be used?
To prevent injury to the operative area.
It is essential to know that in pediatric medication administration:
BSA is the most reliable method of calculating children’s medication.
A family-centered approach to care is especially important when dealing with which group?
Special needs children.
An 18-month old is hospitalized for surgery in the morning. The most helpful intervention to relieve the child’s stress associated with hospitalization is:
Encouraging parental presence and rooming in.
Location of IM injections for children under 2 years old.
Vastus lateralis muscle
Ventrogluteal muscle
Deltoid muscle
The most common asymmetry with lateral curvature of the spine in the adolescent is known as:
Scoliosis
Concern for a 6-month old that is not crawling.
Babies develop at their own rate, it is not a concern that a 6-month old is not crawling.
An accurate apical heart rate measurement is possible to assess at which intercostal space?
5th (2nd?)
A new patient is 4 years old. On entering the patient’s room for the first time, the nurse will:
Be careful not to use words that might be misinterpreted by the child, such as “take your temperature.”
A 5-month old has had abdominal surgery. With regard to pain management, the nurse will consider that:
The infant may be comforted by sucking on a pacifier, being swaddled, or being rocked.
When can solid foods be given?
Toddlers can be given solid foods at 4-6 months.
The most accurate method to measure urine output in an infant is to:
Weight the diaper before and after voiding.
To examine a 6-month old’s ear the nurse pulls the ear:
Down and back.