Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chronic Rehab > Sensory Pt 2 > Flashcards

Sensory Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

most important cataract surgery post op

A

Elevate HOB 30-45 degrees immediately post-op

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

methods to prevent increased IOP post op cataract

A

Do not sleep on operated side for 3-4 weeks
Avoid rubbing; protect the eyes with patch
Do not bend over below waistline
Avoid heavy physical activity x6 weeks
Avoid sneezing, coughing, straining, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when do you notify the physician post op cataract

A

Redness of the eye increases or eye pain is severe
If discharge from eye increases or changes color (to greenish)
Vision decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Second leading cause of blindness

A

glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

May damage the eye without the person being aware of it
Characterized by increased IOP associated with progressive loss of peripheral vision
Cupping of the optic disc and optic nerve destruction
Progressively destroys the optic nerve

A

glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carry impulses of sight from the retina to the brain

A

optic nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what results in nerve fiber death and eventually glaucoma

A

Increased IOP and loss of blood flow to the optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Caused by a reduction in the outflow of aqueous humor due to obstruction in trabecular meshwork
Develops slowly; no symptoms

A

Primary/Chronic Open Angle Glaucoma (90%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Outflow of aqueous humor is impaired due to narrowing of the angle between the iris and cornea

A

Primary/Chronic Closed Angle Glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sudden severe eye pain; nausea and vomiting; colored halos; blurred vision; ocular redness. MEDICAL EMERGENCY

A

Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

symptoms of primary chronic open angle glaucoma

A

Frequent change in eye glasses without any improvement in vision
Inability of eyes to adjust to darkened rooms
Loss of peripheral vision
Rainbow colored rings around lights
Persistent dull eye pain
Headaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

normal vs glaucoma pressure in eye

A

normal 10-21

glaucoma 22-32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Treatment for Primary/Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma

A

beta adrenergic blockers
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
miotic eye drops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Primary/Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma Surgical Treatment

A

Trabeculoplasty

Trabeculectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of acute Closed-Angle Glaucoma

A 
Severe pain
Decreased vision
Pupil enlarged and fixed
Colored rings (halos) around lights
Eye is red
Steamy cornea
IOP 50 mmHg or higher
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens during acute closed angle glaucoma

A

A blockage of the trabecular meshwork at the point of fluid outflow. IOP increases and may cause damage to the optic nerve. (Optic nerve transmits images from the eye to the brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Treatment for Acute Closed-Angle Glaucoma

A

osmotic diuretics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, miotic eye drops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Attempts to lower IOP by directly damaging the ciliary bodies (permanently)
Procedure frequently needs to be repeated
Patients are at risk for severe inflammation; retinal detachment and hemorrhaging

A

Laser iridotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Performed to form a permanent connection between the anterior and posterior chambers
Prevents the iris from occluding the anterior chamber
Performed when laser treatment is unsuccessful

A

Peripheral iridectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

signs/symptoms of pts with glaucoma that should be reported immediately

A

Eye pain
Sudden change in vision
Halos around lights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

often develop in eyes with retinas weakened by a hole or tear
Fluid then seeps underneath weakening the attachment

A

retinal detachment

22
Q

what occurs to eyesight when retina detaches

A

the retina cannot compose a clear image from incoming light and vision is blurred and dim
blindness can occur

23
Q

Occurs when the two retinal layers separate as a result of a full-thickness break in the sensory retina
Results in liquefied vitreous humor passing through into the subretinal space

A

detached retina

24
Q

causes of detached retina

A 
Trauma
Myopic degeneration 
Tumors
Hemorrhage
May follow sudden severe physical exertion in a debilitated individual
May occur suddenly or develop over time
25
Q

symptoms of detached retina

A

loaters and flashers
Floating spots or opacities before the eyes (blood and cells freed at time of tear)
Flashes of light (vitreous traction on the retina)
Progressive loss of vision in one area (curtain-drawn before eyes)

26
Q

diagnosing detached retina

A

Based on ophthalmoscopic exam of retina

27
Q

what is the only non surgical treatment of detached retina

A

lay them flat and patch it

28
Q

Intraocular injection of air or gas to tamponade the tear

A

Pneumatic retinopexy

29
Q

Subfreezing temperatures used to produce inflammatory reaction

A

cryopexy

30
Q

Produces inflammatory reaction at the site of the tear that causes chorioretinal adhesions

A

photocoagulation

31
Q

goal of surgical detached retina treatment

A

Goal is to seal off areas of tears

32
Q

how often do diabetics need to get their eyes checked

A

once a year

33
Q

A disorder of the blood vessels of the retina which usually appears about 10 years after the onset of DM

A

Diabetic Retinopathy Pathophysiology

34
Q

describe diabetic reinopathy

A 
Tortuous vessels
Micro-aneurysms
“Fluffy wool” exudates on the retina
New vessel formation
As the disease progresses, multiple spots or “floaters” 
Increasing loss of vision
35
Q

how do you diagnose diabetic reinopathy

A

Ophthalmoscopy

Fluorescein angiography

36
Q

Retinal dye injection is used to determine if there is proper circulation in the retinal vessels in the eye

A

Fluorescein angiography

37
Q

when should pregnant women be checked for Diabetic Retinopathy

A

each trimester

38
Q

Laser is directed on the retina, damaging and scarring the peripheral retina in order to decrease the ischemia (temporary deficiency of blood flow) which induces neurovascularization

A

photocoagulation

39
Q

Surgeon removes the opaque bloody fluid and debris, and scar tissue to alleviate traction on the retina

A

Vitrectomy

40
Q

medical condition predominantly found in elderly adults in which the center of the inner lining of the eye, known as the macula area of the retina, suffers thinning, atrophy, and in some cases bleeding.

A

Macular degeneration

41
Q

what can macular degeneration result in

A

loss of central vision and thus inability to see fine details; to read; or to recognize faces.

42
Q

what type of eyesignt do macular degerneration pts have

A

cannot see the center but CAN see peripherally

43
Q

what type of med shoudl macualr degeration pts take

A

Take a vitamin supplement-ocuvite

44
Q

degenerative changes to the choriocapillaries or the retinal pigment epithelium

A

macular degeneration

45
Q

A disease of the aging retina; cause is unknown

Cigarette smokers are at a significantly higher risk

A

Age-Related Macular Degeneration

46
Q

Characterized by sudden growth of new vessels in the macular region
Vessels are fragile and leak blood and fluid that damages the macula by interfering with the blood supply

A

Exudative (wet) type of Macular Degeneration

47
Q

Most common type (90%)
Caused by degeneration of the light sensitive cells of the macula
Scattered round spots (drusen) appears in the macular region

A

Non-exudative (dry) type of macular degeneration

48
Q

distorted or wavy lines, spots or areas totally missing, center is dark.

A

amsler grid to help determine degeneration

49
Q

is surgery or treatment acceptable for macular degeneration

A

no, could damage eyes further!

take vitamins

50
Q

Group of inherited disorders that slowly leads to degeneration of part of the retina, primarily photoreceptors, that over time leads to blindness

A

Retinitis Pigmentosa

51
Q

is there a cure for Retinitis Pigmentosa

A

no

52
Q

the blood vessels in the back of the eye (retina) may rupture and leak. This causes parts of the retina to die and results in a loss of vision where the leaking occurred

A

diabetic retinopathy

Chronic Rehab (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions