Musculoskeletal Pt 1

Question 1

function of musculoskeletal

Answer 1

Supporting framework
Protects vital organs
enable body movement
production of blood cells

Question 2

Production of blood cells in the red marrow (blood formation)

Answer 2

hematopoiesis

Question 3

where are lipids stored

Answer 3

are stored in adipose cells of the yellow marrow

Question 4

dislodged lipids

characterized by hypoxia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and mental status change

Answer 4

fat embolism

Question 5

If epiphyseal plate is injured before pt is done growing(sealed)

Answer 5

could impact future growth

Question 6

where is the yellow marrow found

Answer 6

in the hollow interior of the middle portion of long bones.

Question 7

ligaments

Answer 7

(fibrous connective tissue connecting bone to bone)

Question 8

tendons

Answer 8

(connect muscle to bone)

Question 9

Longer than they are wide
A shaft with two ends - the shaft widens at the end of the bone
Contain yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow

Answer 9

long bones

Question 10

in adults, Half of the bone marrow

Answer 10

is red

Question 11

red bone marrow is mainly found where

Answer 11

mainly in the flat bones (hip bone, sternum, skull, ribs, vertebrae and shoulder blades)

Question 12

what does hypoxia look like

Answer 12

gasping for air
look blue
put pulse ox on them

Question 13

(formed in bone marrow; aid in clotting)

Answer 13

platelets

Question 14

Contain mostly spongy bone

Answer 14

short bones

Question 15

Cube-like; about as long as they are wide

Answer 15

short bones

Question 16

most RBCs are formed

Answer 16

in flat bones

Question 17

Thin and flat

Found where the need is for a broad surface area for muscular attachment or where extra protection is needed

Answer 17

flat bones

Question 18

Serve as protection

Answer 18

irregular bones

Question 19

bones are embedded within tendons; Act to protect tendons

Answer 19

sesamoid bones

Question 20

a freely moveable joint – always a synovial joint

Answer 20

diarthrosis joint

Question 21

(Two sliding surfaces)

Answer 21

gliding synovial joint

Question 22

(Concave surface with convex surface)

Answer 22

hinge synovial joint

Question 23

Rounded end fits into ring of bone and ligament

Answer 23

pivot synovial joint

Question 24

when do synovial joints move less easily

Answer 24

when they are infected

Question 25

Each surface is both concave and convex)

Answer 25

saddle joint

Question 26

interphalangeal joints)

Answer 26

hinge joint

Question 27

types of muscles

Answer 27

Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle

Question 28

Attached to bones and causes movements of the body. | Also called striated muscle because of its banding pattern, or voluntary muscle

Answer 28

skeletal muscle

Question 29

Responsible for the rhythmic contractions of the heart | Muscle is involuntary

Answer 29

cardiac muscle

Question 30

Lines the walls of hollow organs | involuntary

Answer 30

smooth muscle

Question 31

(partial dislocation of joint)-not totally out of the joint

Answer 31

subluxation

Question 32

A result of a blow to the body, a fall, or another accident

Answer 32

trauma to bone

Question 33

highest incidence of trauma to the bone

Answer 33

MALES 15-24 years of age or elderly females 65 years of age, or older

Question 34

any type of irritation or damage to the rotator cuff muscles or tendons

Answer 34

rotator cuff injury

Question 35

McMurrays test"

Answer 35

pain and/or clicking noise of knee | positive means medial meniscus tear

Question 36

Symptoms of medial meniscus tear

Answer 36

Pain on the inner surface of the knee joint Swelling of the knee within 24-48 hours of injury Inability to bend knee fully- this may be associated with pain or a clicking noise Locking" of the knee

Question 37

number one cause of pain in ER

Answer 37

back pain

Question 38

what type of surgery often causes back pain

Answer 38

knee surgery | surgery pulls on back because there is no support for extra leg

Question 39

why is back inflammation common

Answer 39

proper lifting, exercise, posture | occurs when a muscle is over-stretched or torn

Question 40

how to help relieve muscle strain

Answer 40

Emerge in ice cold water for 7 minutes then elevate fore 15 minutes Do for 5 days straight(stops pain and swelling) Use dixie cups frozen with ice for massage Ice can be used for both acute and chronic

Question 41

how long does it take for muscle regeneration

Answer 41

in up to 6 weeks

Question 42

why is ice important for muscle strain

Answer 42

relieves swelling-constricts

Question 43

Inflammation of the Bursa

Answer 43

bursitis

Question 44

causes of bursitis

Answer 44

over use, injury, infection from gout or RA

Question 45

treatment of bursitis

Answer 45

Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, Medication (PRICEM)

Question 46

types of complete fractures

Answer 46

``` Closed (Simple) Open (Compound) Transverse Oblique Spiral Comminuted ```

Question 47

Only bone damage | does not penetrate skin

Answer 47

closed simple fracture

Question 48

Needs to be supported/stabilized Neurovascular injury/checks are very important when dealing with extremities and back Check for pulse, do cap refill-if do not have then it is an emergency Documented when going into surgery or after Potential for infection

Answer 48

open fracture

Question 49

Often caused by direct traumatic injury

Answer 49

transverse fracture

Question 50

is open or transverse fractures worse

Answer 50

Open fracture is worse-can disrupt blood and neuro | Transverse fracture is contained, not as severe

Question 51

Extremely rare type of break | unstageable

Answer 51

oblique fracture

Question 52

This is hard to put back together, bad fracture | unstable

Answer 52

spiral fracture

Question 53

Highly unstable with many bone fragments

Answer 53

comminuted fracture

Question 54

types of incomplete fractures

Answer 54

Greenstick-often in kids(bent bone) Torus (closed) (side of the bone bends but does not break) Bowing Stress-runner’s fracture

Question 55

Usually seen in children | Bone is usually “bent” and broken on the outside of the bend

Answer 55

greenstick fracture

Question 56

Common sports injury symptom:pain runners

Answer 56

stress fracture

Question 57

May occur during normal activity or after minimal injury (Is associated with osteoporosis and cancer)

Answer 57

pathologic fracture

Question 58

The muscles associated with the bones are unable to absorb energy as they usually do

Answer 58

fatigue/stress fracture

Question 59

A strong ligament or tendon pulls a fragment of the bone away from the rest of it (tunnels in on eachother-crushed up)

Answer 59

avulsion fracture

Question 60

Fracture fragments are pushed into each other

Answer 60

impacted fracture

Question 61

5 Ps

Answer 61

``` Pain Paresthesia Pallor-neuro Pulses Paralysis-vascular ```

Question 62

(tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin)

Answer 62

paresthesia