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Billing and Coding > Sensory Organs > Flashcards

Sensory Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general sense organs?

A

tactile, temperature, pain receptors, and proprioceptors.

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2
Q

What enables us to experience touch, pressure, vibrations, pain, changes in temp, and muscle stretch?

A

general sense organs

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3
Q

Where are the receptors for these senses spread?

A

throughout the integumentary system and some internal organs

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4
Q

What brings information about pressure, touch and vibration?

A

tactile receptors

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5
Q

Where are tactile receptors located?

A

via the skin but more abundant in areas like fingertips and lips

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6
Q

Which receptors enable you to sense changes in temp?

A

temperature receptors

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7
Q

where are temperature receptors located at?

A

throughout the body, concentrated in lips, mouth and anus

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8
Q

Where are pain receptors located?

A

throughout skin and some internal organs

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9
Q

allow us to sense the body part position without looking and sense whether the parts are moving and in which direction

A

proprioceptors

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10
Q

Proprioceptors are located where?

A

within muscles, joints, tendons.

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11
Q

how do proprioceptors work

A

once receptors detect stimulus such as pain, touch, pressure the stimulus converted into electrical signal or nerve impulse, travels to nerve pathways in brain, interprets impulses, sends order back to nerves to react with muscles

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12
Q

What are the special sense organs

A

eyes, ears, nose and taste buds

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13
Q

What are special senses

A

touch, vision, hearing, smell and taste

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14
Q

How is touch mediated?

A

via integumentary systems

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15
Q

How do organ sensorys work?

A

organs receive sensory signals and transmit them to the brain through cranial nerves

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16
Q

What can detect about 10, 000 different smells

A

the nose

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17
Q

what enables the nose to smell

A

olfactory bulb or olfactory epithelium

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18
Q

What happens when the olfactory nerves are damaged

A

sense of smell is impaired forever

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19
Q

why does a pungent odor dull?

A

the nerves tire quickly

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20
Q

what is the only skeletal muscle that has sensory capability

A

tongue

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21
Q

What does the tongue help with?

A

to speak, moves food when chewing, molds food in a bolus for swallowing.

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22
Q

What covers the surface of the tongue with visible, bumpy hair like projections

A

papillae

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23
Q

disease caused by increased pressure in eye, results in damaaged optic nerve

A

glaucoma

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24
Q

What are factors that cause glaucoma?

A

hypertension, obesity, migraines, and heredity

25
Q

most common form of glaucoma

A

open angle glaucoma

26
Q

What can treat open angle glaucoma

A

medications, lasik, and surgery

27
Q

is a cloudiness of the eye’s lens due to increased age

A

cataract

28
Q

what can cause a caract

A

trauma, radiation exposure

29
Q

inflammation or irritation of conjunctiva

A

conjuctivitis

30
Q

outer ear infection

A

external otitis

31
Q

middle ear infection

A

otitis media

32
Q

external otitis is called

A

swimmers ear

33
Q

What are the two most important structures in the body

A

brain and spinal cord

34
Q

what are the two bone types that form outer covering?

A

cranial bone and vertebrae

35
Q

What are the three distinct layers of tissue, known as meninges that form inner coverign

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

36
Q

what allows nourishment to pass via complex channel system

A

meninges

37
Q

what is the thick, tough membrane, that contains channels for blood to pass into brain tissue

A

dura mater

38
Q

is below the dura mater, contains many blood vessels that carry nourishment to the tissue

A

subdural space

39
Q

layer that is made of connective tissues and a rich supply of blood vessels

A

pia mater

40
Q

fight or flight response

A

sympathetic nervous system

41
Q

nervous system by exerting opposite effects on internal organs, slows down heart rate,

A

parasympathetic nervous system

42
Q

or nerves cell

A

neuron

43
Q

what is the sole purpose of the neuron

A

conduct signals from end of the nervous system to the other

44
Q

means to carry something toward a center

A

afferent

45
Q

means to carry something away from the cente

A

efferent

46
Q

slowly degenerative disease caused by shrinking levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine

A

parkinsons disease

47
Q

neurotransmitter vital for normal functioning of posture, control. physical support and voluntary movement

A

dopamine

48
Q

What the four hallmark signs of parkinson’s

A

resting tremor, muscular stiffness, slowing of movements, impaired postural reflexes

49
Q

loss of memory, poor judgment, general withdrawal from daily life

A

Alzheimer’s disease

50
Q

What are the early signs of AD?

A

memory loss, difficulty performing familiar tasks, speech impairment, disorientation, and significant mood or behavior changes.

51
Q

inflammation of myelin sheath that covers the nerve pathways in the brain and spinal cord.

A

multiple sclerosis

52
Q

Who is MS more common in?

A

woman than men

53
Q

What are MS symptoms?

A

tingling, numbness, weakness affecting certain areas of body

54
Q

inflammation of meninges due to infection

A

meningitis

55
Q

symptoms of meningitis

A

fever, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, inability to tolerate bright light, deep red or purple skin rash, drowsiness, even unconsciousenss

56
Q

rare disease that causes weakness in certain skeletal muscle groups due to faulty transmission of nerve impluses to those muscles,

A

myasthenia gravis

57
Q

What are the symtoms of Myasthenia Gravis

A

muscular weakness, drooping eyelids, double vision, difficulty talking and swallowing.

58
Q

sudden onset of neurological deficit in blood vessels that supply blood to brain

A

stroke

59
Q

what are the two causes of strokes

A

thrombus (blood clot) or hemorrhage (bleeding)

Billing and Coding (13 decks)

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