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Hema Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average volume of blood in the human body?

A

5-7 percentage of body weight

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2
Q

What is essential for transportation of elements to and from the diff body systems

A

blood

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3
Q

What are the three main types of blood cells?

A

red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

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4
Q

where are the formed elements of blood produced in?

A

bone marrow

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5
Q

What is the process of formation of blood cells

A

hematopoiesis

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6
Q

What is the basic foundation of blood?

A

Plasma which is chiefly made of water

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7
Q

What are erythrocytes?

A

red blood cells

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8
Q

What gives blood its dark, red color?

A

red blood cells

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9
Q

what’s main function is to deliver oxygen to the body and remove waste products?

A

RBC

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10
Q

What is it when hemoglobin binds with oxygen called

A

oxyhemoglobin

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11
Q

what does red blood cells contain millions of molecules of

A

hemoglobin

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12
Q

what is the process of generating red blood cells in the bone marrow called

A

erythropoiesis

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13
Q

When does the the spleen and liver destroy rbs?

A

after 120 days

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14
Q

White blood cells are called what?

A

leukocytes

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15
Q

What is the main function of WBC’s

A

defend against infection and foreign invaders

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16
Q

what is an increase in the WBC count indicator?

A

an infection

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17
Q

What are the two types of WBC?

A

granulocytes and agranulocytes

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18
Q

Which WBC cells have a granular apperance?

A

granulocytes

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19
Q

What are the type of granulocytes in WBC?

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

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20
Q

what are neurtrophils?

A

Cells that respond to bacterial infections such as pneumonia or urinary tract infections by eating the bacteria

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21
Q

What are eosinophils in WBC granulocytes?

A

involced in allergic reactions to food or drugs. help fight infections by parasites

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22
Q

Basophils

A

they are involved in process of inflammaiton

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23
Q

Agranulocytes

A

do not have a granul apperance

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24
Q

What are two types of agranulocytes?

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

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25
Q

what do lympocytes produce

A

antibodies against foreign particles such as microorganism, drugs, cancerous cells and cells form transplanted organs

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26
Q

what are monocytes?

A

phagocytic cells, main functions is to eat other cells and pathogens

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27
Q

What are platelets also known as

A

thrombocytes

28
Q

What are thrombocytes

A

the cells that act as a plug to a cut, and stops it from continuing bleeding out

29
Q

how much of plasma is water?

30
Q

what are the most important proteins in plasma?

A

fibrinogen, albumin, and globulin

31
Q

In plasma, what is the protein that is bloodclotting made in liver

A

fibrinogen

32
Q

what protein in plasma made in liver, and maintains pressure needed to pull water from tissues back into blood vessels

33
Q

what protein in plasma are formed in liver and lymph system and can be found in diff forms in plasma, helps form antibodies, and blood coagulaiton

34
Q

what is the term for blood clottin

A

coagulation

35
Q

what is a drug that promotes coagulation

A

pro coagulation

36
Q

what is a substance that inhibits coagulation

A

anti coagulant

37
Q

How is blood type defined?

A

by genetic markers and blood proteins called agglutinogen

38
Q

what is agglutinogen

A

the antigen on the surface of red blood cells

39
Q

which blood disorders can be severe

A

in bone marrow

40
Q

what is define as low RBC

41
Q

Which disorders can be caused by blood loss, destruction of the RBC, or inadequate blood cell production

42
Q

Who are people who often pale, weak, shortness of breath, and low enegery

43
Q

what is a genetic disorder that’s caused by abnormal hemoglobin production?

A

sickle cell anemia

44
Q

what are formation of tiny RBC

A

microcytic anemia

45
Q

What is a cause of microcytic anemia

A

iron deficiency and lead poisoning

46
Q

What is the improper intake of iron or chronic diseases leading to

A

iron dificiency

47
Q

what is it when the body forms large rbc

A

macrocytic anemia

48
Q

what is the cause of macrocytic anemia

A

dificiency in vitamin B12 and folic acid

49
Q

What can anemia be also caused by

A

kidney disease, cancer and HIV

50
Q

what hormone is producted in the kidneys and stimulates rbc production

A

erythropoietin

51
Q

which anemia is a result of decreased rbc survival time due to excessive hemolysis or destruction of rbc

A

hemolytic anemia

52
Q

yellowing of the skin is a sign of hemolytic anemia

53
Q

what anemia is caused by condition of the bone marrow known as aplasia

A

aplastic anemia

54
Q

What anemia, is it when the bone marrow cells fail to develop.

A

aplastic anemia

55
Q

what treatment is used when infections cause increase of wbc?

A

antibiotics

56
Q

a form of wbc disorder

57
Q

what is neuropenia

A

the decreased neurophil count

58
Q

what can neutropenia cause

A

increase risk in infections due to neutrophils defending foreign pathogens

59
Q

what is the disorder that bone marrow produces an extreme abundance of wbc

60
Q

what occurs in leukemia

A

when the production of wbc goes unchecked and can destroy other blood cells

61
Q

what is the cancerous tumor cells that develop in the lymph system

62
Q

which lymphoma is more common

A

hodgkin’s lymphoma

63
Q

what separates Hodgkin lymphoma from non hodgkin lymphoma

A

reed-sternberg cell

64
Q

what is a genetically inherited disease, characterized by a dificiency of certain clotting factors which prevent the blood from clotting

A

hemophilia

65
Q

what is thromocytopenia

A

abnormal low levels of platelets in blood

Billing and Coding (13 decks)

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