Sensation and Perception(C3) Flashcards
What is Sensation?
Sensation is stimulation of sensory receptors and transmission of sensory information to the central nervous system. It is meaningless until it reaches the CNS.
Sensation is the stimulation of _____________
Sensory Receptors
Sensation is stimulation of sensory receptors and transmission of ___________________ to the central nervous system
Sensory Information
What is Perception?
Perception is the process by which sensations are organized and interpreted.
The process by which sensations are organized and interpreted is called?
Perception
What is the term for the weakest amount of a stimulus that can be distinguished from no stimulus at all?
Absolute threshold – it is detected at least 50% of the time.
What amount of the time does a sensation need to be perceived to reach Absolute Threshold?
50% of the time
What is difference threshold?
The minimum difference in magnitude of two stimuli required to tell them apart
What does JND stand for?
Just noticeable difference
What is JND?
The minimum difference of sensation a person can detect
What is the term for the standard of difference in sensation perception?
Webster’s Constant
What are the 3 ways of assessing sensation and perception?
- Absolute Threshold 2. Difference Threshold 3. Signal Detection Theory
What is Signal Detection Theory?
SDT is the view that the perception of sensory stimuli involves the interaction of physical, biological, and psychological factors.
What is subliminal stimulation?
Sensory stimulation below a persons absolute threshold for conscious perception.
Factors such as psychological, learning, and motivation can affect what?
Stimulus perception
Specific neurons respond to specific features of a _________________
stimulus
Top down processing perceives:
The whole, followed by perception of the parts
The processing of the whole of a stimulus before the parts is referred to as:
Top down processing
Bottom up processing is:
Perception of the parts leading to perception of the whole
Perceiving the parts before perceiving the whole is called
Bottom up processing
Gestalt Psychology is:
Perceiving stimuli based on the entirety of their features
Sensitization is a ___________ adaptation
Positive- perceiving a stimuli more
When you enter a dark theater and become more sensitive to light this is a example of:
Sensitization
Desensitization is a _____________ adaptation
When you become less sensitive to a stimuli
When you notice the sound of traffic less inside your house over time, this is an example of _____________________
Desensitization
Light is electro________ energy
magnetic
Within visible light, color is determined by:
Wavelength
Light enters the eye at the _________
Pupil
The Iris muscle is the __________ part of the eye
Colored
The Cornea lies over the ________ of the pupil and bends light
surface
The eye lens lies behind the _______ and bends light by moving back and forth to and from the surface of the eye
Iris
The _________ allows our eye to focus
Lens
The Retina is where the ______________ cells are located
Photoreceptors
Rods and cones are _____________
Photoreceptors
Cones are for _________ and rods are for ____________
Color, black and white
Rods and cones relay information to _______ which carry it to the Optic nerve
Axons
Afterimage is the persistent sensation of ____________
Color
Trichromatic theory is that there are ___ types of cones
3, sensitive to red, green and blue
Opponent Process theory is there are 3 combinations of cones
red-green, blue-yellow, light-dark
Feature detectors are neurons in the_______ cortex.
Sensory
Feature detectors are neurons in the sensory cortex that respond to:
Specific features of sensory information.
Sensory adaption is:
The way in which organisms become more or less sensitive to stimuli that are constant.
The process by which organisms become more or less sensitive to stimuli information is called:
Sensory adaptation
The white part of the eye is called:
The sclera
The Sclera is:
The white part of the eye
Presbyopia is:
Where your lens becomes more brittle and less able to focus on close-up objects as you age
The value of a color is its degree of:
Brightness
Value refers to:
A color’s brightness
Saturation refers to how ______________ a color is
Intense
If you are a trichromat you have:
Normal vision
If you are a monochromat you are:
Colorblind
Dichromats can distinguish between ______ colors
2
