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Psychology 101 > Biology and Psychology(C2) > Flashcards

Biology and Psychology(C2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Species and individuals compete for same resources in __________ ____________

A

Natural Selection

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2
Q

Stereotyped patterns of behavior that are triggered in a specific situation are ___________

A

Instincts

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3
Q

A ________ is a basic unit of heredity

A

Gene

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4
Q

______________ are structures within cell nucleus that carry genes

A

Chromosomes

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5
Q

Humans have _____ chromosomes in ___ pairs.

A

46, 23

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6
Q

DNA is the substance that forms _______________

A

chromosomes

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7
Q

The double helix of DNA are held together by ___________________

A

Nucleotides

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8
Q

Nucleotides only connect in pairs of _______ and ___________

A

A-T and C-G

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9
Q

Chromosome 23 focus on the _______

A

The Sex

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10
Q

A XY 23rd chromosome will result in a _________

A

Male

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11
Q

A XX 23 chromosome will result in a ____________

A

Female

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12
Q

______________ is an individual’s genetic makeup

A

Genotype

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13
Q

____________ is an individuals actual appearance

A

Phenotype

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14
Q

______________ genes that are always expressed as phenotypes

A

Dominant

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15
Q

_____________ genes that are expressed only when paired gene is _____________ also

A

Recessive

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16
Q

A person with Down Syndrome has ______ chromosomes 21

A

3

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17
Q

We have ________________neurons

A

one hundred billion

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18
Q

Cell body, dendrites, axons and axon terminals are all part of a ____________

A

Neuron

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19
Q

The fatty coating on Axons is called:

A

Myelin

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20
Q

_________ cells nourish and insulate neurons, direct growth of neurons and remove waste products

A

Glial

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21
Q

Neural impulse is also called:

A

The Action Potential

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22
Q

A neural impulse is an _______________ message

A

electrochemical

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23
Q

The neuron is not active during the ___________ potential

A

Resting

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24
Q

Conduction of neural impulse along the length of a neuron is called:

A

Firing

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25
Q

Neurons must reach the threshold of ______________ to fire.

A

excitation

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26
Q

__________________ are chemical substances that communicate from one neuron to another

A

Neurotransmitters

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27
Q

______________contain neurotransmitters in the axon terminals

A

Synaptic vesicles

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28
Q

________________ neurons cause other neurons to fire

A

Excitatory

29
Q

____________neurons prevent other neurons from firing

A

Inhibitory

30
Q

_______________ is a neurotransmitter that controls pleasure, voluntary movement, learning, memory. It is related to
Parkinson’s disease
and Schizophrenia

A

Dopamine

31
Q

___________ is a neurotransmitter associated with emotional arousal and sleep
Eating disorders, alcoholism, depression, aggression, insomnia

A

Serotonin

32
Q

_______________ is an excitatory neurotransmitter
Accelerates heart rate, affects eating, linked to activity levels, learning and remembering
Mood disorders, depression, bipolar disorder

A

Norepinephrine

33
Q

___________ occur naturally within the brain and bloodstream
Inhibit pain
May be connected to indifference to pain
Runner’s high

A

Endorphins

34
Q

The parts of the nervous system are the ____________ nervous system(Brain and spinal), and the _________________ nervous system(Sensory, motor, automatic).

A

Central, peripheral

35
Q

The ____________ nervous system is
most active during emotional responses.
Spend the body’s reserves of energy

A

Sympathetic

36
Q

The ___________nervous system is most active during processes that restore body’s reserve of energy

A

Parasympathetic

37
Q

What does a Electroencephalograph do?

A

Measures electrical activity in the brain.

38
Q

The Medulla, Pons, and
Cerebellum are part of the:

A

Hindbrain

39
Q

The Medulla controls the:

A

heartbeat and respiration

40
Q

The Reticular Activation System
is in the:

A

Midbrain

41
Q

The Reticular Activation System is essential to:

A

Attention, sleep and arousal

42
Q

The Thalamus is in the;

A

Forebrain

43
Q

The ________ is the relay station forsensory stimulation

A

Thalamus

44
Q

The Hypothalamus is in the :

A

Forebrain

45
Q

The ________________ regulates body temperature, motivation and emotion
Hunger, thirst, sexual behavior, caring for offspring, aggression

A

Hypothalamus

46
Q

The Limbic system is in the:

A

Forebrain

47
Q

The Amygdala, hippocampus and parts of hypothalamus are all parts of the ________ system.

A

Limbic

48
Q

The ________ _______ is involved in memory and emotion

A

Limbic system

49
Q
A
49
Q

The ______________ is responsible for thinking and language

A

Cerebrum

50
Q

The Corpus Callosum connects the two ______________.

A

hemispheres

51
Q

The Cerebral Cortex is is surface of the ______________.

A

Cerebrum

52
Q

The Frontal, Parietal, Temporal and Occipital are what?

A

Lobes in the Cerebral Cortex

53
Q

The primary function of the Occipital Lobe is:

A

Vision

54
Q

The primary function of the Temporal lobe is:

A

Hearing and auditory

55
Q

The primary function of the Parietal lobe is:

A

Somatosensory Cortex

56
Q

The primary function of the Frontal lobe is:

A

Motor

57
Q

_________ brain is more logical and intellectual.

A

Left

58
Q

The ________ brain is more intuitive, creative and emotional.

A

right

59
Q

The ___________ system is comprised of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream

A

Endocrine

60
Q

The ____________ gland is known as the “Master Gland”

A

Pituitary

61
Q

The Hypothalamus controls the ___________ glands.

A

Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal

62
Q

The ________ gland secretes Melatonin

A

Pineal

63
Q

The ___________ glad produces thyroxin and affects body’s metabolism

A

Thyroid

64
Q

The Adrenal glands are located above the _____________

A

Kidneys

65
Q

__________ _________ increase resistance to stress
promote muscle development

A

Cortical steroids

66
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine
helps ________ the ____ in threatening situations

A

arouse the body

67
Q
A

Psychology 101 (14 decks)

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