Biology and Psychology(C2) Flashcards
Species and individuals compete for same resources in __________ ____________
Natural Selection
Stereotyped patterns of behavior that are triggered in a specific situation are ___________
Instincts
A ________ is a basic unit of heredity
Gene
______________ are structures within cell nucleus that carry genes
Chromosomes
Humans have _____ chromosomes in ___ pairs.
46, 23
DNA is the substance that forms _______________
chromosomes
The double helix of DNA are held together by ___________________
Nucleotides
Nucleotides only connect in pairs of _______ and ___________
A-T and C-G
Chromosome 23 focus on the _______
The Sex
A XY 23rd chromosome will result in a _________
Male
A XX 23 chromosome will result in a ____________
Female
______________ is an individual’s genetic makeup
Genotype
____________ is an individuals actual appearance
Phenotype
______________ genes that are always expressed as phenotypes
Dominant
_____________ genes that are expressed only when paired gene is _____________ also
Recessive
A person with Down Syndrome has ______ chromosomes 21
3
We have ________________neurons
one hundred billion
Cell body, dendrites, axons and axon terminals are all part of a ____________
Neuron
The fatty coating on Axons is called:
Myelin
_________ cells nourish and insulate neurons, direct growth of neurons and remove waste products
Glial
Neural impulse is also called:
The Action Potential
A neural impulse is an _______________ message
electrochemical
The neuron is not active during the ___________ potential
Resting
Conduction of neural impulse along the length of a neuron is called:
Firing
Neurons must reach the threshold of ______________ to fire.
excitation
__________________ are chemical substances that communicate from one neuron to another
Neurotransmitters
______________contain neurotransmitters in the axon terminals
Synaptic vesicles
________________ neurons cause other neurons to fire
Excitatory
____________neurons prevent other neurons from firing
Inhibitory
_______________ is a neurotransmitter that controls pleasure, voluntary movement, learning, memory. It is related to
Parkinson’s disease
and Schizophrenia
Dopamine
___________ is a neurotransmitter associated with emotional arousal and sleep
Eating disorders, alcoholism, depression, aggression, insomnia
Serotonin
_______________ is an excitatory neurotransmitter
Accelerates heart rate, affects eating, linked to activity levels, learning and remembering
Mood disorders, depression, bipolar disorder
Norepinephrine
___________ occur naturally within the brain and bloodstream
Inhibit pain
May be connected to indifference to pain
Runner’s high
Endorphins
The parts of the nervous system are the ____________ nervous system(Brain and spinal), and the _________________ nervous system(Sensory, motor, automatic).
Central, peripheral
The ____________ nervous system is
most active during emotional responses.
Spend the body’s reserves of energy
Sympathetic
The ___________nervous system is most active during processes that restore body’s reserve of energy
Parasympathetic
What does a Electroencephalograph do?
Measures electrical activity in the brain.
The Medulla, Pons, and
Cerebellum are part of the:
Hindbrain
The Medulla controls the:
heartbeat and respiration
The Reticular Activation System
is in the:
Midbrain
The Reticular Activation System is essential to:
Attention, sleep and arousal
The Thalamus is in the;
Forebrain
The ________ is the relay station forsensory stimulation
Thalamus
The Hypothalamus is in the :
Forebrain
The ________________ regulates body temperature, motivation and emotion
Hunger, thirst, sexual behavior, caring for offspring, aggression
Hypothalamus
The Limbic system is in the:
Forebrain
The Amygdala, hippocampus and parts of hypothalamus are all parts of the ________ system.
Limbic
The ________ _______ is involved in memory and emotion
Limbic system
The ______________ is responsible for thinking and language
Cerebrum
The Corpus Callosum connects the two ______________.
hemispheres
The Cerebral Cortex is is surface of the ______________.
Cerebrum
The Frontal, Parietal, Temporal and Occipital are what?
Lobes in the Cerebral Cortex
The primary function of the Occipital Lobe is:
Vision
The primary function of the Temporal lobe is:
Hearing and auditory
The primary function of the Parietal lobe is:
Somatosensory Cortex
The primary function of the Frontal lobe is:
Motor
_________ brain is more logical and intellectual.
Left
The ________ brain is more intuitive, creative and emotional.
right
The ___________ system is comprised of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream
Endocrine
The ____________ gland is known as the “Master Gland”
Pituitary
The Hypothalamus controls the ___________ glands.
Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal
The ________ gland secretes Melatonin
Pineal
The ___________ glad produces thyroxin and affects body’s metabolism
Thyroid
The Adrenal glands are located above the _____________
Kidneys
__________ _________ increase resistance to stress
promote muscle development
Cortical steroids
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
helps ________ the ____ in threatening situations
arouse the body
