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Science 2017-2018 > Semester Two Exam Reveiw > Flashcards

Semester Two Exam Reveiw Flashcards

1
Q

What is mass

A

How much matter is in something

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2
Q

What is volume

A

How much space it takes up

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3
Q

What is matter

A

Anything that has mass and volume

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4
Q

What is density

A

The relationship of mass divided by the volume. It is measured in g/cm3 or g/ml. It helps you figure out what sinks and what floats

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5
Q

What are the three states of matter

A

Solid
Liquid
Gas

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6
Q

What is viscosity

A

A liquids resistance to flow

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7
Q

What is surface tension

A

A force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid

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8
Q

What is liquid

A

The state of matter that has a definite volume take the shape of its container

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9
Q

What is a solid

A

The state of matter that has a definite shape and volume

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10
Q

What is gas

A

The state of matter that has no definite volume of shape

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11
Q

What is boyles law

A

States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure of a gas when temperature is constant

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12
Q

What is Charles law

A

Sates that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when pressure is constant

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13
Q

What is melting

A

The change of stat by which a solid becomes a liquid by adding energy

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14
Q

What is freezing

A

The change of state from liquid to solid

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15
Q

What is evaporation

A

Liquid to gas

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16
Q

Condensation

A

Gas to liquid

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17
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid to gas

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18
Q

Deposition

A

Gas to solid

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19
Q

Element

A

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Ex.-oxygen, helium, carbon

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20
Q

Metal

A

An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity
Ex. Tin, copper, lead

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21
Q

Nonmetal

A

An element that conducts heat is electricity poorly

Ex. Sulfur, neon, iodine

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22
Q

Metalloid

A

An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals

Ex.boron, silicon, antimony

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23
Q

Compound

A

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

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24
Q

How can compounds be separated

A

Only be chemical changes.

25
Q

Mixture

A

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

26
Q

Solution

A

Homogenous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout as a single phase

27
Q

Solute

A

In a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent

28
Q

Solvent

A

In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

29
Q

What is solubility

A

The ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temp and pressure

30
Q

What is a suspension

A

A mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough they settle out

31
Q

Colloid

A

A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out

32
Q

Ductility

A

Pp

33
Q

Flammability

A

Cp

34
Q

Electrical conductivity

A

Pp

35
Q

Reactivity

A

Cp

36
Q

Density

A

Pp

37
Q

State

A

Pp

38
Q

Thermal conductivity

A

Pp

39
Q

Chemical change

A

Usually can’t be reversed
Often gives off light or heat or odor etc
DOES change a substance into a different substances

40
Q

Physical change

A

Does NOT change a substance into another substance

41
Q

Inverse proportion

A

⬆️⬇️ when one value decreases the other increases

42
Q

Direct proportion

A

One value decreases the other decrease⬇️⬇️

43
Q

What does the atomic number tell you

A

The number of protons

44
Q

Weathering

A

The process by which rocks break down from physical or chemical means

45
Q

Mechanical weathering vs chemical weathering

A

Mechanical- method of breaking down rocks by physical means

Chemical- method of breaking down rocks by chemical means

46
Q

Types of mechanical weathering

A 
Gravitational abrasion
Plants
Water abrasion
Animals
Wind abrasion
Ice wedging
47
Q

Types of chemical weathering

A 
Air- oxidation 
Acid precipitation 
Acids in living things
Water dissolving bonds
Acids in groundwater
48
Q

Factors that affect rate of weathering

A

Climate, elevation, makeup of rock

49
Q

Residual soil vs transported soil

A

Residual soil, stays above parent rock

Transported soil- moves away from parent rock

50
Q

What is humus

A

Organic material formed in soil from decayed remains of plants and animals

51
Q

Leaching

A

The removal of dissolved substances from water passing through the soil

52
Q

Soil

A

Loose mixture of small mineral fragments, organic material, water and air that can support the growth of vegetation

53
Q

Soil horizons

A

The layers of different soil that is horizontal

54
Q

Loess

A

I

55
Q

Differential weathering

A

The processes by which softer, less weather resistant rock wear away and leave harder, more weather resistant rock

56
Q

Gravitational abrasion

A

Rocks fall on other rocks and break them

57
Q

Plants

A

Plants grow under rocks or into cracks, get bigger, and cause cracks

58
Q

Water abrasion

A

Water pushes rocks and sand against other rocks and wears it down

59
Q

Animals

A

Animals dig under ground and move particles around

Science 2017-2018 (12 decks)

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