Semester Two Exam Reveiw

Question 1

What is mass

Answer 1

How much matter is in something

Question 2

What is volume

Answer 2

How much space it takes up

Question 3

What is matter

Answer 3

Anything that has mass and volume

Question 4

What is density

Answer 4

The relationship of mass divided by the volume. It is measured in g/cm3 or g/ml. It helps you figure out what sinks and what floats

Question 5

What are the three states of matter

Answer 5

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 6

What is viscosity

Answer 6

A liquids resistance to flow

Question 7

What is surface tension

Answer 7

A force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid

Question 8

What is liquid

Answer 8

The state of matter that has a definite volume take the shape of its container

Question 9

What is a solid

Answer 9

The state of matter that has a definite shape and volume

Question 10

What is gas

Answer 10

The state of matter that has no definite volume of shape

Question 11

What is boyles law

Answer 11

States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure of a gas when temperature is constant

Question 12

What is Charles law

Answer 12

Sates that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when pressure is constant

Question 13

What is melting

Answer 13

The change of stat by which a solid becomes a liquid by adding energy

Question 14

What is freezing

Answer 14

The change of state from liquid to solid

Question 15

What is evaporation

Answer 15

Liquid to gas

Question 16

Condensation

Answer 16

Gas to liquid

Question 17

Sublimation

Answer 17

Solid to gas

Question 18

Deposition

Answer 18

Gas to solid

Question 19

Element

Answer 19

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Ex.-oxygen, helium, carbon

Question 20

Metal

Answer 20

An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity
Ex. Tin, copper, lead

Question 21

Nonmetal

Answer 21

An element that conducts heat is electricity poorly

Ex. Sulfur, neon, iodine

Question 22

Metalloid

Answer 22

An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals

Ex.boron, silicon, antimony

Question 23

Compound

Answer 23

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

Question 24

How can compounds be separated

Answer 24

Only be chemical changes.

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Question 26

Solution

Answer 26

Homogenous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout as a single phase

Question 27

Solute

Answer 27

In a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent

Question 28

Solvent

Answer 28

In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

Question 29

What is solubility

Answer 29

The ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temp and pressure

Question 30

What is a suspension

Answer 30

A mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough they settle out

Question 31

Colloid

Answer 31

A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out

Question 32

Ductility

Answer 32

Pp

Question 33

Flammability

Answer 33

Cp

Question 34

Electrical conductivity

Answer 34

Pp

Question 35

Reactivity

Answer 35

Cp

Question 36

Density

Answer 36

Pp

Question 37

State

Answer 37

Pp

Question 38

Thermal conductivity

Answer 38

Pp

Question 39

Chemical change

Answer 39

Usually can't be reversed Often gives off light or heat or odor etc DOES change a substance into a different substances

Question 40

Physical change

Answer 40

Does NOT change a substance into another substance

Question 41

Inverse proportion

Answer 41

⬆️⬇️ when one value decreases the other increases

Question 42

Direct proportion

Answer 42

One value decreases the other decrease⬇️⬇️

Question 43

What does the atomic number tell you

Answer 43

The number of protons

Question 44

Weathering

Answer 44

The process by which rocks break down from physical or chemical means

Question 45

Mechanical weathering vs chemical weathering

Answer 45

Mechanical- method of breaking down rocks by physical means Chemical- method of breaking down rocks by chemical means

Question 46

Types of mechanical weathering

Answer 46

``` Gravitational abrasion Plants Water abrasion Animals Wind abrasion Ice wedging ```

Question 47

Types of chemical weathering

Answer 47

``` Air- oxidation Acid precipitation Acids in living things Water dissolving bonds Acids in groundwater ```

Question 48

Factors that affect rate of weathering

Answer 48

Climate, elevation, makeup of rock

Question 49

Residual soil vs transported soil

Answer 49

Residual soil, stays above parent rock Transported soil- moves away from parent rock

Question 50

What is humus

Answer 50

Organic material formed in soil from decayed remains of plants and animals

Question 51

Leaching

Answer 51

The removal of dissolved substances from water passing through the soil

Question 52

Soil

Answer 52

Loose mixture of small mineral fragments, organic material, water and air that can support the growth of vegetation

Question 53

Soil horizons

Answer 53

The layers of different soil that is horizontal

Question 54

Loess

Answer 54

I

Question 55

Differential weathering

Answer 55

The processes by which softer, less weather resistant rock wear away and leave harder, more weather resistant rock

Question 56

Gravitational abrasion

Answer 56

Rocks fall on other rocks and break them

Question 57

Plants

Answer 57

Plants grow under rocks or into cracks, get bigger, and cause cracks

Question 58

Water abrasion

Answer 58

Water pushes rocks and sand against other rocks and wears it down

Question 59

Animals

Answer 59

Animals dig under ground and move particles around