Semester One Day One Review Flashcards
What are the three parts of cell theory?
All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of all living things
All cells come from existing cells
What do all cells have?
DNA
cytoplasm
Organelles
Cell membrane
What is a cell membrane
Covering for cells surface; acts as barrier between the cells inside and its environment. It acts like the cells skin, allowing only certain things in or out
What is a cell wall?
A rigid structure that surrounds a cell membrane in plant cells to provide support for the cell
What is cytoplasm?
The fluid inside a cell. “Jelly for the celly”
What is a nucleus?
Contains the cells DNA and plays a role in growth ,metabolism, and reproduction. It acts like the cells brain
What are ribosomes?
The site of protein synthesis. It acts like a protein factory
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
It is a system of membranes surrounding the nucleus that assist in the production of, processing, and transport of proteins and lipids. It can be smooth or rough. It acts like a protein and fat factory and transport system.
What are vesicles? (Think vehicles)
A membrane sac that surrounds material being moved in, within, or out of a cell. It acts like a taxi
What are mitochondria?
The site of cellular respiration, breaking down sugar to release energy stored as ATP. They act as the battery of the cell.
What is a chloroplast?
Where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells. It acts as a sugar factory.
What is the Golgi complex?
It helps modify proteins and lipids, package these materials, and transport them out of the cell. It acts as the fed ex for the cell
What is a lysosomes?
It contains digestive enzymes and helps to get rid of old or broken parts of the cell. It acts as a clean up crew
What is a vacuole?
It stores water and other liquids while some have digestive enzymes. Is acts as a storage system
What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes-No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotes-have a nucleus, have membrane-bound organelles
What are the three advantages to being multicellular
Larger size
Longer life
Specialization of cells
In living organisms, what does structure mean
The shape of the organism
In living organisms, what does function mean
What a structure helps a organism do
What is diffusion
The movement of particles from regions of higher density to areas of lower desity
What is osmosis
The movement of water through a membrane
What is active transport
The movement of substances through a cell membrane with the use of energy
What is exocytosis
The process by which a cell gets rid of large particles
What is passive transport
The movement of substances through a cell membrane without the use of energy.
What is endocytosis
The process by which a cell membrane surrounds and enclose a large particle to bring it into the cell
