Chapter 1 Cells Flashcards
What is the cell wall?
A rigid structure that gives support to the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
A protective layer that covers the cells surface and acts as a barrier
What is the cytoplasm?
Fluid inside the cells
Jelly for the celly
What are chloroplasts? (Sugar factories)
Where photosynthesis takes place.
Filled with chlorophyll
Plants use them to make glucose (sugar)
What are mitochondria? (Mitey mites;battery)
The site of cellular respiration=break down glucose to create energy stored as ATP
What is the golgi complex. (Fed ex for the cell)
Helps modify proteins and lipids, package them and transport them out of cell.
What are vacuoles? (Storage System)
Some contain digestive enzymes.
Some store water and other liquids.
What is the nucleus?(brain)
Contains DNA
Membrane-bound organelles
Plays a role in growth, metabolism, and reproduction of a cell
What is a ribosome? (Protein factories)
Organelles that make proteins
Made of protein and RNA
found in many places in the cell
No membrane
What are vesicles? (taxi)
A small membrane sac that surrounds material being moved in to a cell, within a cell, and out of a cell
What is the nucleolus?
A part of a nucleus in some cells
Where ribosomes begin being made
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (transport system)
A system of membranes the assist in
- production,processing, and transport of proteins
- production of lipids
- break down toxins
What are lysosomes?(clean up crew) sounds like lysol
Membrane sac filled with digestive enzymes to break down worn-out organelles,protect from invaders, and help with waste
What is the cytoskeleton?
A web of proteins in cytoplasm
Structure (acts like skeleton)
Muscle (helps movement in cell/movement of some cells)
What are archaea?
Most are extremophiles, which are things that live in places that are extreme. Others live in normal conditions. They are prokaryotes.
What are prokaryotes that are the smallest cells and have ribosomes?
Bacteria
What is a prokaryote
An organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
Does a eukaryotes have a nucleus and a membrane bound organelles
Yes
What is a organelle?
Small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to perform specific functions
What are the four parts that all cells have?
Genetic material/DNA
Organelles
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
What are the three parts of cell theory?
All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of all living things
All cells come from existing cells
