Crappy chapter Two Test Review

Question 1

Weathering

Answer 1

Processes by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical and chemical processes

Question 2

Mechanical weathering vs chemical weathering

Answer 2

Mechanical weathering-physical changes

Chemical weathering-chemical changes

Question 3

Gravitation weathering

Answer 3

Rocks fall on other rocks and break them

Question 4

Plants

Answer 4

Plant roots grow under rocks or get into cracks, get bigger, and cause cracks

Question 5

Water abrasion

Answer 5

Water pushes rock and sand against other rocks and wears it down.

Question 6

Animals

Answer 6

Animals dig under ground and move particles around

Question 7

Wind abrasion

Answer 7

Wind pushes sand against rock and wears it down

Question 8

Ice wedging

Answer 8

Water gets into cracks in rock, freezes, expands, and cracks the rock

Question 9

Air

Answer 9

Oxidation- oxygen combines with other elements to produce oxides. Ex.- rust

Question 10

Acid precipitation

Answer 10

Rain, sleet, of snow that has a high concentration of acids

Question 11

Acids in living things

Answer 11

Lichens contain acids that can break down rocks

Question 12

Water

Answer 12

Water can dissolve bonds between rock particles

Question 13

Acids in groundwater

Answer 13

Groundwater with acids in it has a chemical reaction with limestone

Question 14

Three things that determine the rate at which rocks weather

Answer 14

Climate
Elevation
Makeup of rocks-the minerals in it, surface area of rocks

Question 15

Differential weathering

Answer 15

The process by which softer, les weather resistant rocks wear away and leave harder, weather resistant rocks

Question 16

Why does weathering occur faster in the mountains

Answer 16

The rocks are more exposed to wind, rain, and ice

Question 17

Why are all soils not the same

Answer 17

It depends on the type of rock in the soil

Question 18

What is a parent rock

Answer 18

A parent rock is a rock formation that is the source of soil

Question 19

Residual soil vs transported soil

Answer 19

Residual soil- stays above parent rock

Transported soil- soil that is blown away from parent rock

Question 20

Humus

Answer 20

Humus is organic material formed in the soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals

Question 21

What is leaching and why is it a problem for farming

Answer 21

The removal of substances that can be dissolved from rock, ore, or layers of soil due to the passing of water. It drains all the nutrients from the soil

Question 22

Why is it important that soil has the correct ph

Answer 22

Different plants need different ph in the soil to get nutrients

Question 23

Why do different climates have different types of soils and different thicknesses of soil layers

Answer 23

The amount of moisture and Temperature affects how soil horizons form

Question 24

What is soil conservation

Answer 24

Keeping soil fertile by preventing erosion and nutrient loss

Question 25

How does soil get damaged

Answer 25

Overworking/over farming OR overgrazing

Question 26

List two ways that soil can be conserved

Answer 26

Contour farming

Covercrops