DNA and Stuff Review Flashcards
What are the four bases and which do each pair with?
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine-Guanine
What is a nucleotide?
A subunit of DNA that consists of sugar, phosphate, and a base
What shape did Rosalind show DNA to be. How did she figure this out!
She found it to be a spiral shape.
She used X-ray diffraction
What was Watson and Cricks model like
A long twisted ladder
The sides of the DNA “ladder” are made of
Sugar and phosphate
The rings of the DNA “ladder” are made of
A pair of bases
To be copied, a DNA molecule splits
Down the middle
What is the cell organelle where protein is synthesized
Ribosome
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence that can be harmful, helpful, or make no difference
What is a gene?
A string of nucleotides and that has instructions for a certain trait
Three bases code for one
Amino acid
In what type of mutation is one base left out
Deletion
What is an example of genetic engineering
A tobacco plant with a firefly gene to make it glow
Do genes contain DNA
Yes
Who discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine
Erwin Chargaff
