Semester Exam 1 Flashcards
Records found during time being studied
Primary sources
Records about primary sources
Secondary sources
Reason for mans being
Creation mandate
What is the goal of human history
Redemption through Christ
Earliest writing form
Cuneiform
Island that was center of Minoan civilization
Crete
4 forms of Gov. by Greeks
Monarchy oligarchy tyranny democracy
Father of history
Herodotus
Led by Sparta - to thwart advance of Athenian principles
Peloponnesian league
3 triumvirate rulers
Caesar Pompey Crassus
Caesars assassination
Ides of March - march 15, 44BC
Crossing the rubicon
Making a fateful decision - no turning back
North African city rivaling Rome for trade
Carthage
Established calendar that ours is based on
Caesar
Christianity official religion of Rome
Council of Nicaea
Destroyed Jerusalem
Nebuchadnezzar
First Christian persecution
Nero
Roman peace and prosperity
Pax Romana
Made Christianity legal
Edict of Milan
Last and greatest of Allahs prophets
Muhammad
Arab nomads
Bedouins
Islam god
Allah
Submission to Allah
Islam
Submitter to Allah
Muslim
Jewish historian
Josephus
Language of ancient India
Sanskrit
Brahman- world something
Hinduism
Indian religion with four noble truths
Buddhism
Most honored Chinese teacher
Confucius
Japanese warrior
Samurai
What is Africa’s most important city of trade
Carthage
Invented movable type
Gutenberg
Way of warrior
Bushido
Proper conduct leads to happiness- based on relationships
Confucianism
Most powerful Germanic people
Franks
Emperor of palace who wanted title of king
Pepin the short
Stopped Muslim invasion
Battle of Tours
Charlemagne- meaning
Charles the great
Charlemagne’s kingdom split to 3 parts among his sons
Treaty of verdun
Knights code
Chivalry
Order of ranks to become knight
Page squire Knight
Theory the god made peter the first pope
Petrine theory
Head of Frankish tribe in North Gaul
Clovis
Vassal portions part of his land to get services of another this becoming a lord
Subinfeudation
Buying and selling religious articles
Simony
Weapons used by pope
Excommunication interdict and inquisition
Great German king who wanted more power
Otto the great
Excluding from church
Excommunication
Limited kings power
Magma carta
Pope who called first crusade
Urban II
Motivations for crusaders
Serve Christ, adventure, money, opportunity to fight
Anglo-Saxon chronicles and ruler of Saxon
Alfred the great
Findings of survey/census
Domesday book
Organized groups of people for business- regulated business
Guild
Outlined rights and freedoms of people
Charter
Organized control trade - confederation of merchant guilds
Hanseatic league
Common spoken language
Vernacular
Wrote Canterbury tales
Chaucer
Light and delicate architecture
Gothic
Architecture with thick walls and small windows
Romanesque
Inspired English nationalism
Joan of Arc
Royal French tax
Taille
Popes and all French men lived at Avignon
Babylonian captivity
Interest on lent money
Ursury
Rebirth
Renaissance
Most famous of Renaissance patrons
Medici
Birthplace of renaissance
Florence, Italy
Liberal arts- history science grammar classical literature and philosophy
Humanities
Difference in medieval and Renaissance
Renaissance was earthly and physical for self—medieval was spiritual and heavenly for god
Father of renaissance
Giotto
Painted ceiling of Sistine chapel
Michelangelo
Sweet faced Medonnas - school of Athens
Raphael
Father of humanism
Petrarch
Published Greek New Testament
Erasmus
Presbyterian Church in Scotland
Knox
Morning star of reformation - against Roman Church - said Bible is supreme authority - translated Bible from Latin to German
Wycliffe
Tricked into going to the council of Constance the burned at the stake
Huss
Started church in Zurich
Zwingli
Became monk after near death experience - 95 thesis
Luther
Plan to complete Peter’s Basilica - sent Tetsel to sell indulgences
Leo X
Luther nailed to door Oct 31, 1517 - indulgence sale fell
95 thesis
Ruled Spain and the Netherlands - tried to stamp out Protestantism and prevent spread of the reformation - put Mary Stuart on the throne
Philip II
Catholic queen of Scotland
Mary Stuart
Pro Catholic but strengthened Protestant stance
Mary I
20,000 Huguenots killed - Catherine de Medici
St Bartholomew’s day massacre
Sought divorce and changer pope to do so
Henry VIII
Claimed MS river valley for France
La Salle
Rounded tip of Africa
Dias
Gave Dutch claim to where New York now stands
Hudson
Sparked interest in exploration - Venetian trader who reached orient
Marco Polo
Discovered new world
Columbus
First to circumnavigate earth
Magellan
Greatest conquistador
Cortes
Conquistador who raided Incas and tricked Atahualpa
Pizarro
Led Portugal to build commercial empire
Da Albuquerque
School of navigation
Prince Henry
First European to reach India by going around Africa
Da Gama
Fortified hill/ city state
Polis