Chapter 8 Flashcards by Brennan Rials

Most powerful of Germanic peoples who settled Gaul

Franks

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“King of the Franks” Christian converts who united Franks

Clovis

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Do nothing kings with no prestige of accomplishments

Merovingian house

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Won the Battle of Tours

Charles Martel

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Restored Carolingian house- Mayor of the palace and king

Pep in the short

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Charles the great- Franks reaches peak under him- crowned on Christmas

Charlemagne

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Kings messengers

Missi dominici

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One of the most distinguished scholars under Charlemagne

Alcum of York

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Divided Charlemagne’s empire into 3

Treaty of verdun

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Brother who received the west side of Charlemagne’s empire

Charles the bald

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Brother who received the east of Charlemagne’s empire

Louis the German

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Brother who received middle territory of Charlemagne’s empire

Lothair

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Three groups of raiders

Muslim, Viking, and Magyar

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Form of government prevalent after the fall of the Carolingian empire

Feudalism

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Basis of wealth and power in feudalism

Land

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Had land and power- holding noble who offered land, protection, and justice

Lord

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Land grants given to lords by kings

Fiefs

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Recipient of landholding estate- didn’t own land but were allowed to use it

Vassal

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Portioning of land by vassal to become a lord

Subinfeudation

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Ceremony making a man into a vassal

Homage

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Symbolic act that gave vassals use of fiefs

Investiture

Center of life for nobility

Castle

Warriors who were eventually restricted to nobility

Knights

Unwritten code of behavior

Chivalry

Forbade pillaging of church

Peace of God

Limited fighting

Truce of God

Involved jousting and melé

Tournaments

Self-contained, self-sufficient community— run by lords— farmed by peasants— centered around village

Manor

Class structure

Peasantry- nobility- clergy

People with special duties- had more privileges and could leave

Freemen

Majority of manor inhabitants

Serfs

Days dedicated to the manor

Week work

Major holidays

Christian and Easter

Stable institution and heart of medieval society

Church

Local assemble for believers

Definition of church

The universal church

Catholic

Theory that god made peter the first pope

Petrine theory

Translated the Bible to Latin

Jerome

...

Gregory I

First official pope

Leo the first

Age of faith

Middle age

Why were the Middle Ages the age of faith

Religion dominated society- bishops overpowered monarchs- any cultural success was credited to the Roman Catholic Church- nearly all aspects of life were influenced by church

7 sacraments

1- baptism;2- Confirmation;3- penance;4- holy Eucharist (communion);5- Matrimony;6- Holy orders;7- Extreme Unction (last rites)

Leaders of church

Clergy

Parishioners

Laity

Conducted service and business in church

Secular clergy

Renounced regular life

Regular clergy

Medieval missionary to Ireland

Patrick

Medieval missionary to Germany

Boniface

Medieval missionaries

Monks

Charlemagne writing style

Carolingian minuscule