Chapter 8 Flashcards
Most powerful of Germanic peoples who settled Gaul
Franks
“King of the Franks” Christian converts who united Franks
Clovis
Do nothing kings with no prestige of accomplishments
Merovingian house
Won the Battle of Tours
Charles Martel
Restored Carolingian house- Mayor of the palace and king
Pep in the short
Charles the great- Franks reaches peak under him- crowned on Christmas
Charlemagne
Kings messengers
Missi dominici
One of the most distinguished scholars under Charlemagne
Alcum of York
Divided Charlemagne’s empire into 3
Treaty of verdun
Brother who received the west side of Charlemagne’s empire
Charles the bald
Brother who received the east of Charlemagne’s empire
Louis the German
Brother who received middle territory of Charlemagne’s empire
Lothair
Three groups of raiders
Muslim, Viking, and Magyar
Form of government prevalent after the fall of the Carolingian empire
Feudalism
Basis of wealth and power in feudalism
Land
Had land and power- holding noble who offered land, protection, and justice
Lord
Land grants given to lords by kings
Fiefs
Recipient of landholding estate- didn’t own land but were allowed to use it
Vassal
Portioning of land by vassal to become a lord
Subinfeudation
Ceremony making a man into a vassal
Homage
Symbolic act that gave vassals use of fiefs
Investiture
Center of life for nobility
Castle
Warriors who were eventually restricted to nobility
Knights
Unwritten code of behavior
Chivalry
Forbade pillaging of church
Peace of God
Limited fighting
Truce of God
Involved jousting and melé
Tournaments
Self-contained, self-sufficient community— run by lords— farmed by peasants— centered around village
Manor
Class structure
Peasantry- nobility- clergy
People with special duties- had more privileges and could leave
Freemen
Majority of manor inhabitants
Serfs
Days dedicated to the manor
Week work
Major holidays
Christian and Easter
Stable institution and heart of medieval society
Church
Local assemble for believers
Definition of church
The universal church
Catholic
Theory that god made peter the first pope
Petrine theory
Translated the Bible to Latin
Jerome
…
Gregory I
First official pope
Leo the first
Age of faith
Middle age
Why were the Middle Ages the age of faith
Religion dominated society- bishops overpowered monarchs- any cultural success was credited to the Roman Catholic Church- nearly all aspects of life were influenced by church
7 sacraments
1- baptism;2- Confirmation;3- penance;4- holy Eucharist (communion);5- Matrimony;6- Holy orders;7- Extreme Unction (last rites)
Leaders of church
Clergy
Parishioners
Laity
Conducted service and business in church
Secular clergy
Renounced regular life
Regular clergy
Medieval missionary to Ireland
Patrick
Medieval missionary to Germany
Boniface
Medieval missionaries
Monks
Charlemagne writing style
Carolingian minuscule