Chapter 10 Flashcards
Exchanging goods for goods
Bartering
Became the new economic centers of medieval Europe
Manors
Trade route entirely on water going from India and China across Arabian and Red Sea to the Mediterranean
Southern route
This trade route combined land and sea travel and went from the Persian gulf to Baghdad or Damascus
Central route
“Silk Road” this trade route was an over-land route across Central Asia connecting Beijing and Constantinople
Northern route
Controlled Mediterranean trade (country)
Italy
Marketplace of Northern Europe and lay at the crossroads of Northern European trade routes
Flanders
Offered incentive for serfs to make more because they could sell their extra produce
The market
One of the most famous and important of the medieval fairs was held here
Champagne
This system couldn’t meet the demands of trade fairs
The barter system
Bank comes from the Italian word _____ which means bench, referring the the money changers table
Banca
The practice of charging interest for use of lent money
Usury
Document outlining rights and freedoms of the townspeople
Charter
Organizations whose primary function was to regulate business activity of a given town
Guilds
2 kinds of guild
Merchant and craft
3 classes of guild members
Apprentice journeyman and master
Association made of more than seventy German cities in northwestern Europe
Hanseatic league
New and growing social class
Middle class
Primary centers of education
Monasteries and cathedrals
Learning was primarily under the influence of what
The Roman Church
Group of studies including grammar (Latin), rhetoric (effective speaking), and logic
Trivium
Group of studies including arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music
Quadrivium
Revival of learning was brought by these factors
Political and economic improvement, explosion to ancient documents and new ideas, and increasing need for education
Any association of people, like a guild, was called this but the term came to designate only those United for education
A universitus
New intellectual movement which finds its root in Bible study
Scholasticism
Realized that faith in God’s revelation is essential to proper understanding
Anslem
Advocated asking of questions as the first key to wisdom
Peter Abelard
Scholasticism reaches its height under him - wrote Summa Theologiae
Thomas Aquila’s
One of the best known scientific thinkers
Roger Bacon
Common spoken language
Vernacular
Wandering minstrels
Troubadours
Wrote Divine Comedy
Dante Aligheri
Long poem taking reader through hell purgatory and paradise
Divine Comedy
Wrote Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chaucer
Stories told by pilgrims on the way to the tomb of Thomas A Becket
The Canterbury Tales
Architecture with thick walls and small windows
Romanesque
Architecture with higher ceilings thinner walls and bigger windows
Gothic
Developed in the late middle ages as people in certain regions became aware of common traditions and language
Nation states
Long struggle between England and France
Hundred years war
New weapons used by English archers
Longbows
This simple peasant girl’s nationalism turned the tide of war for the French
Joan of Arc
English war between 2 families
Wars of the Roses
Who founded the Tudor Dynasty
Henry VII / Henry Tudor
French royal tax
Levy
“Reconquest” that successfully reclaimed most of the Iberian peninsula
Reconquista
Established their power in the new nation of Spain
Ferdinand and Isabella
German equivalent of English Parliament and the French Estates-General
Diet
Written constitution establishing the Diet
Golden Bull
States in the southern states with strong base of power
Austria
Formed a marriage alliance between his son and the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella
Maximillian I
Decline of the papacy began under him
Pope Boniface VIII
Accused Boniface of heresy and brought him to trial, then beat and nearly killed him
Philip
Period when all Frenchmen resides at Avignon
Babylonian captivity
Divided allegiance of the nations of Europe after 2 popes claimed to be the rightful pope
Great schism
Where the Great schism was settled and the papacy was restored to Rome
Council of Constance
