History Test 3

Question 1

Italy

Answer 1

Heart of the Roman Empire

Question 2

Italian peninsula

Answer 2

Known for farming and trade

Question 3

Mare nostrum

Answer 3

“Our sea” refers to the Mediterranean

Question 4

Latins

Answer 4

Earliest to settle Greece (from across alps)

Question 5

Phoenecions

Answer 5

Sea people with coastal colonies on Sicily

Question 6

Greeks

Answer 6

Sea trade and colonization

Question 7

Eutruscans

Answer 7

1 of Italy’s earliest civilizations (800 BC)

Question 8

Palantine hill

Answer 8

Founded on Tiber river

Question 9

League of 7 hills

Answer 9

Rome’s beginning from a 7 village alliance

Question 10

Romulus and Remus

Answer 10

Mythical founders of Rome

Question 11

Roman roads

Answer 11

1 of most important factors of control and conquest

Question 12

Family

Answer 12

Small-self sufficient basic unit of early Roman society with the father as the leader

Question 13

Clan

Answer 13

Families from common ancestors

Question 14

Tribe

Answer 14

Clans with the same area and beliefs

Question 15

Patricians

Answer 15

Higher social class- aristocracy

Question 16

Plebeians

Answer 16

Common people

Question 17

Imperium

Answer 17

A kings power

Question 18

Fasces

Answer 18

Symbol of a kings power

Question 19

Early Roman republic

Answer 19

Established 509 BC

Question 20

Consuls

Answer 20

2 elected officials serving 1 year

Question 21

Senate

Answer 21

Most important government power- only patricians and serve for life

Question 22

Tribune

Answer 22

10 elected plebeians with veto power

Question 23

Veto

Answer 23

“I forbid”

Question 24

Tribal assembly

Answer 24

Made laws for plebians

Question 25

Law of twelve tables

Answer 25

Roman laws hung in forum for all to see

Question 26

Roman sea

Answer 26

The Mediterranean Sea

Question 27

Rome

Answer 27

Master of Italy

Question 28

Pyrrhus

Answer 28

Led Greek defense who won at a great cost

Question 29

Rome

Answer 29

Treated captives fairly

Question 30

Punic wars

Answer 30

3 wars fought over territory and trade

Question 31

1st Punic war

Answer 31

War fought over Sicily control- Rome boarded ships on planks

Question 32

2nd Punic war

Answer 32

Hannibal matched his Carthaginian army through alps

Question 33

Battle of cannae

Answer 33

Hannibal surrounded the Romana and almost wiped them out- one of their worst defeats

Question 34

Scipio

Answer 34

Led Romans to victory at Zama

Question 35

3rd Punic war

Answer 35

Cato-3 year siege-destruction of Carthage-severe carthagenean peace

Question 36

Rome

Answer 36

Defeated Macedonia and Syria-alliance with Egypt-allowed some self government and local freedom-payment of tribute for protection

Question 37

Phalanx

Answer 37

Greek military formation-spears forward-can’t turn

Question 38

Legion

Answer 38

Greek military formation-several groups-mobility

Question 39

Triumvirate

Answer 39

Alliance-rule by 3

Question 40

Crossing the Rubicon

Answer 40

Making a fateful decision-no turning back

Question 41

Publicans

Answer 41

Tax collectors

Question 42

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

Answer 42

Strive for reforms-to lower grain cost-to divide public land among the poor-right for the common man

Question 43

Tiberius

Answer 43

Sought re-election as tribune and was killed

Question 44

Marius

Answer 44

Champ of common people during the 1st civil war-professional army who served for financial gain

Question 45

Silla

Answer 45

Senate general in 1st civil war-victorious and became dictator

Question 46

Crassus

Answer 46

Commander in the 2nd civil war-had wealth-also one of Sulla’s generals

Question 47

Pompey

Answer 47

Commander in 2nd civil war-had wealth-also one of Sulla’s generals

Question 48

Julius Caesar

Answer 48

Commander in 2nd civil war-had the people’s support-became governor of Rome-

Question 49

Julius Caesar’s death

Answer 49

Ides-Match 15, 44BC

Question 50

Mark Antony and Octavian

Answer 50

Ruled after Caesar-agreed to each rule 1/2 of the land-ambition led to war

Question 51

Battle of Actium

Answer 51

31BC-Octavian won-Antony and cleopatra defeated

Question 52

Cleopatra

Answer 52

Leader of Egypt

Question 53

Imperators

Answer 53

War victors with supreme power