Self report techniques and design Flashcards
What is an Open Question?
Question phrased in a way that the ppts is free to answer however they like
Qualitative data
What is a strength of Open Questions?
Rich in depth and detail
Useful for elaboration on sensitive topics
What is a limitation of Open Questions?
Difficult to convert into statistics and analyse
What is a Closed Question?
Questions which restrict you to a fixed number of responses
Quantitative data
What is a strength of Closed Questions?
Easy to analyse data and compare with other data
What is a limitation of Closed Questions?
Lack of depth and detail
Limited so can be frustrating for ppts
What are strengths of using Questionaires?
Cost effective
Large amounts of data quickly
easy to analyse
responses can be anonymous so ppts more open and honest
What are limitations of using Questionaires?
Time consuming- design
Difficult to know if target population answered (online)
Social desirability/ DC
Ppt bias- age, gender, time
Response bias- ppts simply agree rather than do it properly
What is Clarity in the construction of Questionaires?
Questions should be worded in a way that it is clear for the respondent to know what is needed
What should be avoided in a Questionaire to prevent biases?
Emotive language, jargon, double-barrelled questions, double negatives, leading questions
How should Sequencing be used when constructing a questionaire?
Easy questions first then get harder to build confidence
Why should Filler Questions be used in a Questionaire?
To distract the ppt to prevent them guessing the aim
Eliminate DC
Why should a Pilot study be used during the construction of a questionaire?
To ensure the questionaire is suitable
Improvement and amendments
What is a Structured Interview?
Set of predetermined questions
What is a strength of a Structured Interview?
Standardisation
Replicable
Comparisons between ppts
What is a limitation of a Structured Interview?
Interviewer bias- body language
Interpretive bias- how answers recorded
Social desirability bias
Not being able to elaborate frustrating
What is an Unstructured Interview?
No predetermined questions
Questions develop as interview goes on
Tailored to individuals and free flowing
What is a strength of an Unstructured Interview?
Lots of rich, detailed data
More insight as tailored
What is a limitation of an Unstructured Interview?
Skilled interviewers needed
Interviewer bias
Social desirabiliy
Difficult to make comparisons
Analysis difficult- alot of irrelevant data
What is a Semi-structure Inyterview?
Most of the questions are already set up by interviewer also free to ask follow up questions
Recording info in an interview
Writing ansers
Video/ audio recorder
How can ethical issues be avoided in an interview?
Informed consent to obtain and keep data
Confidential
Location of an Interview
Quiet room away from others so ppts feels comfortable to open up
Why are Neutral questions used in an interview?
Help ppt feel relaxed and establish a rapport
