Seizures Flashcards
Generalized status epilepticus is currently defined as
- Ongoing convulsive seizure > 5 minutes
- Recurrent seizures without normalization of consciousness between seizures.
General SZ rx
1st: Benzodiazepines
2nd: Phenytoin or fosphenytoin. 20 mg/kg, and another 10 mg/kg bolus
3rd: Third-line agents to consider at this point include valproic acid, phenobarbital, and levetiracetam.
Isoniazide- INH induced seizures are treated with?
B6, pyridoxine b6
INH interferes with B6 metabolism
B6 is a cofactor for GABA synthesis
No GABA, therefor benzos will never work
Baclofen Overdose Symptoms
Seizure Hypotonic Resp depression Cardiac conduction abnormalities Abnormal EEG
Baclofen MOA
Gaba agonist
Concentrates in CNS
Renally cleared
Baclofen Indication
MSK pain from UMN etiologies
Does not work for plain ol msk pain
-treatment of spastic movement disorders, especially in instances of spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis
RX for serotonin syndrome
cyproheptadine
benzo hammer
Sz RX: Isoniazid
Isoniazid – pyridoxine
Sz RX:
Tricyclic antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants – alkalinize the urine, hemodialysis
Sz RX:
Buproprion
Buproprion – hemodialysis
Sz RX: Lithium
Lithium – hemodialysis
Sz RX: Aspirin
Aspirin – alkalinize the urine, hemodialysis
General SZ rx
1st: Benzodiazepines
2nd: Phenytoin or fosphenytoin. 20 mg/kg, and another 10 mg/kg bolus
3rd: Third-line agents to consider at this point include valproic acid, phenobarbital, and levetiracetam.
Definition of refractory status epilepticus
Failure to respond to benzodiazepine and phenytoin defines refractory status epilepticus
Two etiologies of seizures that should be excluded on istat labs
Hypogylcemia, Hyponatremia
