Rosh Flashcards
suppurative parotitis
Bacterial infection of parotid gland
Commonly staph a
Common risk factors include old age, malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, and dehydration as well as the use of medications that reduce salivary flow, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, and diuretics.
Herero topic pregnancy
Concurrent interuterin and ectopic pregnancy. Both at the same time.
Most common risk factor is IVF
streptokinase
like TPA
inferior myocardial infarction leads
ST-segment elevations in leads II, III and aVF.
MI med management > PCI
If medical contact-to-balloon time is anticipated to be > 120 minutes, thrombolysis is the preferred management.
Absolute contraindications to thrombolysis include
(1) acute aortic dissection (confirmed or suspected)
(2) active internal bleeding (excluding menses)
(3) intracranial tumor, hemorrhage or arteriovenous malformation
(4) ischemic stroke within 3 months
(5) significant head or facial trauma within 3 months
(6) a known allergy to the thrombolytic agent.
Relative TPA contraindications include
(1) chronic or poorly controlled hypertension
(2) blood pressure > 180/110 mm Hg
(3) major surgery within 3 weeks
(4) internal bleeding within 2 to 4 weeks
(5) noncompressible vascular punctures
(6) pregnancy
(7) active peptic ulcer disease
(8) current anticoagulation use.
What is the initial dose of heparin to be given for acute coronary syndrome?
60 to 70 units/kg.
how to determine joint injury with laceration
The current preferred method is the injection of normal saline into the joint space to see if the liquid emerges from the laceration.
*Methylene blue was the preferred agent of injection in the past. However, the blue color makes arthroscopy difficult if the joint must be explored. Additionally, the chemical components of methylene blue induce an inflammatory response in the joint tissue. *
Calcium gluconate gel is used to treat burns associated with which acids?
Hydrofluoric acid
At which level do most lumbar disc herniations occur?
More than 95% of disk herniations occur at L4 or L5.
Pain may be localized around the medial side of the leg. Numbness may be present over the anteromedial aspect of the leg.
General Fracture Rule for abuse concerns in babies
Fractures in the growth plate.
Posterior Rib fracture
Bucket Handle fracture
Sometimes called corner fracture
Parkland Formula
The formula calls for 4 mL of lactated Ringer solution multiplied by the weight in kilograms multiplied by the percent of body surface area burned (partial- and full-thickness burns only).
Half of the total fluid should be administered in the first eight hours after the injury, with the remainder given over the next 16 hours.
The volume should be adjusted based on maintaining a urine output of 1 mL/kg/hr.
Shock Index
The shock index (SI) is calculated by dividing the heart rate by systolic blood pressure. A SI of 0.5 - 0.7 is considered normal, with higher values indicative of shock.
Useful because sometimes old people hide their shock
Brugada basics
Brugada Syndrome • Autosomal dominant • Cardiac ion channel dysfunction • Structurally normal heart • Resting ECG: RBBB pattern and STE in V1-V3 • Type 1 STE: coved looking • Type 2/3 STE: saddle-back looking • ECG: J wave elevation • Lethal dysrhythmias
