Ortho Flashcards
_________ is a disorder caused by deposits of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals
Pseudogout
distinguishing features of pseudogout (vs gout) include
chondrocalcinosis of the affected joint
calcium pyrophosphate crystals + birefringent and rhomboid shaped
normal serum uric acid levels.
Pseudogout is managed with
NSAIDs for acute episodes and colchicine for prevention of attacks.
What is the treatment for gout in the acute phase?
Most commonly indomethacin, but any NSAID can be used.
What injury is likely to be present in a child with a raised elbow fat pad?
Supracondylar fracture.
Radial Head Fracture
Patient will be an adult with a history of fall on an outstretched hand
PE will show localized swelling, tenderness, and decreased motion
X-ray will show fat pad ‘sail sign’
What is a colles fracture
Distal radial fracture with dorsal displacement
Pseudo jones fracture
Pseudo-Jones fractures are acute avulsion fractures of the fifth metatarsal tuberosity.
_________ fractures are associated with Colles’ fractures (fractures of the distal radius with dorsal angulation and comminution) in 60-70% of the cases.
Ulnar styloid
Clinical Reflexes
Biceps: C5/6
Triceps: C7
Patella: L4
Achilles: S1
Hard signs of vascular injury include
absent pulses
limb ischemia (e.g., a cool, mottled foot)
rapidly expanding hematoma
palpable thrill
audible bruit
history of pulsatile bleeding (in the case of penetrating trauma or open injury).
Hard signs of vascular injury include
absent pulses
limb ischemia (e.g., a cool, mottled foot)
rapidly expanding hematoma
palpable thrill or audible bruit,
history of pulsatile bleeding (in the case of penetrating trauma or open injury).
Compartment Syndrome 6 ps
PE will show Paresthesias, Pallor, Pulselessness, Poikilothermia, Paralysis, and Pain out of proportion to exam (6 Ps)
If delta pressure < 30 mm Hg, treatment is fasciotomy
Most common sites: forearm, lower leg
Compartment Syndrome Confirmation
delta pressure: diastolic blood pressure – direct pressure.
thought to be more reliable because it takes into consideration tissue perfusion
helps avoid unnecessary fasciotomies.
The delta pressure that is used to diagnose acute compartment syndrome is ≤ 30 mm Hg.
a compression fracture of the posterolateral humeral head goes by this other name
Hill-Sachs deformity
commonly asc. w/ anterior shoulder dislocation
occurs when the humeral head is forcefully impacted against the inferior glenoid rim.
