Rosh 13

Question 1

Necrotizing otitis externa

Answer 1

infection of the external auditory canal that can extend into the skull base
pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common cause
a complication seen in diabetics/immunocompromised

Question 2

Cartilage piercing infection

Answer 2

Pseudomonas is commonly the cause

Oral ciprofloxacin is the recommended agent since it covers against pseudomonas, strep., and staph. spp., and has adequate cartilage penetration.

Question 3

Atropine alone is insufficient treatment of nerve agent toxicity as it does not have antinicotinic activity to block neuromuscular effects. what do you add?

Answer 3

Pralidoxime is antinicotinic and antimuscarinic and should be used in conjunction with atropine.

Question 4

Patient will be complaining of fever, rash

Labs will show eosinophiluria

Answer 4

Interstitial Nephritis

Most commonly caused by medications and infection

Question 5

Metaphyseal chip fractures (also known as bucket-handle fractures) are pathognomonic for _____

Answer 5

abuse

Question 6

Sever’s disease is similar to what condition of the knee?

Answer 6

Sever disease or calcaneal apophysitis
Osgood-Schlatter disease.

most common cause of posterior heel pain in athletic 8 to 12-year old males.
pain is exacerbated by impact activities

Question 7

What toxic alcohol is not treated with fomepizole

Answer 7

Isopropanol

Question 8

PE will show cloudy cornea and fixed mid-dilated pupil

Answer 8

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Complaining of acute unilateral painful vision loss, vomiting, and seeing halos around lights

Question 9

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma management

Answer 9

Treatment is topical beta-blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, miotics

timolol
manitol

Question 10

What effect do mydriatics (dialator) have on patients at risk for acute angle glaucoma?

Answer 10

Mydriatics (dialator) can precipitate acute angle glaucoma and should be avoided in patients with narrow anterior chambers.

Question 11

______________ is first-line treatment for a corneal ulceration.

Answer 11

Topical ciprofloxacin

emergent ophthalmology consult

Question 12

Corneal Ulcer

Answer 12

PE will show oval ulcer with ragged edges, severe conjunctival inflammation

Most commonly caused by Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas(contact lens wearers), Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 13

Corneal abrasion vs Corneal Ulcer

Answer 13

Corneal abrasions typically involve the epithelium alone without penetration into deeper ocular tissues

Ulcer is into deeper layers

Question 14

___________ is a medical condition involving inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye.

Answer 14

Hypopyon

Question 15

__________ is a purulent inflammation of the intraocular fluids (vitreous and aqueous) usually due to infection

Answer 15

Endophthalmitis

Question 16

What is the classic physical examination finding associated with endophthalmitis?

Answer 16

A hypopyon.