Cardiology

Question 1

Sgarbossa Criteria for STEMI with LBBB

Answer 1

Concordant ST elevation > 1 mm in leads with a positive QRS
Concordant ST depression > 1 mm in V1-V3
Discordant ST elevation 5 mm in leads with a negative QRS

Question 2

Is a clot in the superficial femoral vein a DVT

Answer 2

Despite its name, the superficial femoral vein is part of the deep venous system of the leg.
Yes, its a DVT

Treatment is anticoagulation
Warfarin is contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 3

What is the appropriate dose of epinephrine during cardiac arrest in an adult?

Answer 3

The proper dose is 1 mg of epinephrine (10 ml of the 1:10,000 concentration).

Question 4

High quality chest compressions will show ______ mm Hg CO2 on capno

Answer 4

10-20 mm Hg CO2

Question 5

San Francisco Syncope Rule (high-risk criteria): CHESS

Answer 5

CHF
Hematocrit <30%
ECG abnormal
SOB
Systolic BP <90 mm Hg

Question 6

Older male + abdominal/flank pain + syncope

Answer 6

AAA

Question 7

Common causes of PEA can be remembered by the Hs and Ts

What are the Hs

Answer 7

hypovolemia
hypoxia
hypothermia
hyperkalemia

Question 8

Common causes of PEA can be remembered by the Hs and Ts

What are the Ts

Answer 8

Tension PTX
Thrombus (PE/MI)
Tox
Tamponade

Question 9

After fibrinolytics are given to a patient with cardiac arrest, how long should CPR continue prior to pronouncing the patient dead if there is no return of spontaneous circulation?

Answer 9

20 minutes

Question 10

Cardiopulmonary Arrest

Improved outcomes

Answer 10

Amiodarone use in shock resistant v-tach/v-fib
Therapeutic hypothermia

also the obvs
AED use
Early bystander CPR
Presenting rhythm: v-tach/v-fib
CPR prior to defibrillation

Question 11

What primary disease process is associated with sterile vegetation endocarditis on both sides of the involved valve?

Answer 11

SLE

Question 12

Stable Ventricular Tachycardia treatment

Answer 12

procainamide
amiodarone
synchronized cardioversion (refractory)

Question 13

Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia treatment

Answer 13

synch cardioversion

Question 14

There are several treatment options to control the ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation, but ___________ remain superior to other options like digoxin.

Answer 14

beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers

Question 15

Wellen Syndrome

Answer 15

• Highly specific for critical stenosis of the left anterior descending artery
• ECG: deeply inverted or biphasic T waves in V2-3
• May be pain free
• Normal or minimally elevated troponin
• Rx: urgent or emergent percutaneous coronary intervention

Question 16

What is the goal international normalized ratio (INR) in patients on warfarin?

Answer 16

2.5–3.0 in patients with mechanical heart valves and 2–3 in all other patients.

Question 17

myocarditis most common etiology worldwide is

Answer 17

Chagas disease

caused Trypanosoma cruzi.