Section 6 (Exam 1)

Question 1

What are glial cells?

Answer 1

support/glue cells

Question 2

what are nuerons?

Answer 2

relay signals throughout the body, functional unit of the nervous system

Question 3

CNS has what glial cell?

Answer 3

Oligodendrocytes

Question 4

PNS has what glial cell?

Answer 4

scwhann cells

Question 5

oligodendrocytes forms myelin portions around ….portions

Answer 5

many portions (like a spiderweb)

Question 6

1 schwann cell forms myelin around only ……portions

Answer 6

only 1 axon

(as many as 500 schwann cells can be associated with 1 axon)

Question 7

cell body can also be called a ______in a nueron

Answer 7

soma

Question 8

what is myelin?

Answer 8

insulating sheath around certain neurons in the CNS and PNS that speed up signal transduction

Question 9

describe each of the major parts of a typical nueron, including their structural and functional roles

Answer 9

dendrites
axons
axon hillock
soma
dendritic spines

Question 10

Charges that are ______ have the potential to do work if they are allowed to come together

Answer 10

opposite

=electrical potential or potential difference

Question 11

movement of electrical charge is called a _______

Answer 11

current

Question 12

hindrance to electrical charge movement is

Answer 12

resistance

Question 13

Material with high electrical resistance reduce current flow are ________

Answer 13

INSULATOR

Question 14

Materials with low resistance allow rapid current flow are?

Answer 14

CONDUCTORS

Question 15

water is a _______(conductor/insulator)

Answer 15

water is a conductor

Question 16

lipids are ______(conductor/insulator)

Answer 16

insulator

Question 17

the cell membrane is therefore a region of _______ _______ separating the ICF and ECF which are two low resistance compartments

Answer 17

high resistance

Question 18

What charge is Ca?

Answer 18

postive

Question 19

What charge is K?

Answer 19

positive

Question 20

What charge is Na?

Answer 20

postive

Question 21

What charge is Cl?

Answer 21

negative

Question 22

what is membrane potential?

Answer 22

the difference in the amount of charge btw two points (or across a membrane)

Question 23

what is a nueron voltage at REST?

Answer 23

-70mV

Question 24

t/f membrane potential holds steady until permeability of the membrane changes to influence the flow of ions

Answer 24

true

Question 25

What influences a membrane potential?

Answer 25

concentration gradients and electrical gradients

can be called ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT

Question 26

what is equilibrium potential?

Answer 26

the membrane potential at which the electrical and chemical driving force for an ion are equal

no net movement of the ion

Question 27

In the Nernst Equation, r=

Answer 27

gas constant

Question 28

In the Nernst Equation, F=

Answer 28

faraday’s constant

Question 29

In the Nernst Equation, T=

Answer 29

absolute temp in Kelvin

Question 30

In the Nernst Equation, Z=

Answer 30

charge of the ion

Question 31

what is the purpose of the Nernst Equation?

Answer 31

describes the potential required to balance an ionic concentration gradient across the membrane so that net flux of ion is zero