Section 22.221 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Flashcards
Objective 4.4 Explain security alerting and monitoring concepts and tools
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
An Internet protocol used for collecting information from managed devices on IP networks and modifying device behavior
Managed devices include the following…
● Routers
● Switches
● Firewalls
● Printers
● Servers
● Client devices
SNMP can be used to send an recieve data from these managed devices back to a central network management station
SMNP configuration must have manager and agents
SNMP Manager
A central system that collects and processes information from managed devices
■ Often set up as a server, especially in large enterprise environments
■ Sends and receives SNMP messages to and from agents
SNMP Agents
Networked devices that send information about themselves to the manager
■ Run background services to collect data and send it to the manager
■ Transmit data at regular intervals or when requested by the manager
SNMP Message Types
SET
Manager-to-agent request to change variable values
SNMP Message Types
GET
Manager-to-agent request to retrieve variable values
SNMP Message Types
TRAP
Asynchronous notifications from agents to the manager to notify
significant events
● Notify the manager of events such as uptime, configuration changes, and network downtime
2 methods to encode data in to SNMP TRAP messgaes
2 methods to encode data in to SNMP TRAP messgaes
Granular
Sent TRAP messages get a unique object identifier OID) to distinguish each message as a unique message being received
OID (Object Identifier)
Unique object identifier used to identify variables for reading or setting via SNMP
● Allows the manager to distinguish individual SNMP trap messages
MIB (Management Information Base)
A hierarchical namespace containing OIDs and their
descriptions
● Describes the structure of device subsystem management data
● Stores consolidated information received through SNMP traps
2 methods to encode data in to SNMP TRAP messgaes
Verbose
SNMP traps may be configured to contain all of the information about a given alert or event as a payload
● Data in SNMP TRAPS are stored in a simple key-value pair configuration
known as a “variable binding”
SNMP Versions 1, 2, and 3
SNMP versions 1 and 2
SNMP versions 1 and 2 use plain-text community strings for access, making them less secure
SNMP Versions 1, 2, and 3
SNMP version 3
SNMP version 3 offers enhanced security features
SNMP Versions 1, 2, and 3
Security Enhancements in SNMP Version 3
○ Integrity: Hashing messages before transmission to prevent data
alteration
○ Authentication: Validating the source of messages
○ Confidentiality: Adding encryption using DES, 3DES, or AES
○ Dividing SNMP components into entities with different access privileges for improved security
