Section 1: Research and Assessment Methods

Question 1

Types of Data - Discrete

Answer 1

Set of finite data values (count or score), integers only

Question 2

Types of Data - Continuous

Answer 2

Values in a continuous range (temperature or height)

Question 3

Types of Data - Nominal

Answer 3

Values represent labels/names (1=good, 2=bad)

Question 4

Types of Scales - Ordinal

Answer 4

Number indicates position in a list, ranking

Question 5

Types of Scales - Interval

Answer 5

Measurement between values is proportional through the range (time, ruler)

Question 5

Types of Scales - Ratio

Answer 5

Ratio between intervals is independent of the unit of measurement or zero point (eg floor area ratio)

Question 6

Variance

Answer 6

measure of how far a set of numbers is spread out

Question 7

Standard Deviation

Answer 7

measurement of variability or dispersion around a mean (square root of variance) “how a typical number differs from the rest”

Question 8

Mean

Answer 8

Average

Question 9

Median

Answer 9

Value that divides a group of numbers into two equal parts

Question 10

Mode

Answer 10

Value with the highest frequency

Question 11

Range

Answer 11

Difference between the largest and smallest values

Question 12

US Census

Answer 12

count every 10 years, mandated by US Constitution, used to distribute congressional seats, make decisions about community services

Question 13

Sunshine Laws and Open Meeting Social Media

Answer 13

Consult records retention laws and policies of jurisdiction to determine what to do

Question 14

Paul Davidoff

Answer 14

Advocacy Planning
1960s
planners seek to represent interests of various groups within society

Question 15

Alinksy’s Organizations

Answer 15

Formed when invitation is received from a neighborhood or organization that has funding.
organizer is sent to neighborhood who then identified problems, develops citizen awareness
part of process is for organizer to consult local leaders

Question 16

Population

Answer 16

a collection that contains anything

Question 17

Sample

Answer 17

a subset of that population

Question 18

Random Sample

Answer 18

a randomly selected sample, where each member of the population had an equal chance of being selected

Question 19

Stratified Random Sample

Answer 19

variation of random sample, but the population is stratified into mutually exclusive groups

Question 20

Population Estimate Methods

Answer 20

are calculated for current population levels. Migration and Natural Increase, Ratio/Step Down, Symptomatic Methods

Question 21

Projections

Answer 21

for future population levels.
Cohort Survival
Employment Driven
Step Down
Mathematic and Graphics
Holding Capacity
Migration - movement of people in and out of study area
Natural Incrase - crude birth rate minus crude death rate of population

Question 22

Shift Share Analysis

Answer 22

Determines what portions of regional economic growth or decline can be attributed to national, economic industry, and regional factors
Helps identify industries where a regional economy has a competitive advantage over larger economy

Question 23

Location Quotient

Answer 23

Ratio of proportion of local employment in one sector to similar proportion in national economy
used to identify degree of self-sufficiency in an employment sector
LQ<1 = local employment less than expected for given industry
LQ>1=local employment greater than expected and it is therefore assumed extra jobs that include goods and service