Section 1: Research and Assessment Methods Flashcards
Types of Data - Discrete
Set of finite data values (count or score), integers only
Types of Data - Continuous
Values in a continuous range (temperature or height)
Types of Data - Nominal
Values represent labels/names (1=good, 2=bad)
Types of Scales - Ordinal
Number indicates position in a list, ranking
Types of Scales - Interval
Measurement between values is proportional through the range (time, ruler)
Types of Scales - Ratio
Ratio between intervals is independent of the unit of measurement or zero point (eg floor area ratio)
Variance
measure of how far a set of numbers is spread out
Standard Deviation
measurement of variability or dispersion around a mean (square root of variance) “how a typical number differs from the rest”
Mean
Average
Median
Value that divides a group of numbers into two equal parts
Mode
Value with the highest frequency
Range
Difference between the largest and smallest values
US Census
count every 10 years, mandated by US Constitution, used to distribute congressional seats, make decisions about community services
Sunshine Laws and Open Meeting Social Media
Consult records retention laws and policies of jurisdiction to determine what to do
Paul Davidoff
Advocacy Planning
1960s
planners seek to represent interests of various groups within society
Alinksy’s Organizations
Formed when invitation is received from a neighborhood or organization that has funding.
organizer is sent to neighborhood who then identified problems, develops citizen awareness
part of process is for organizer to consult local leaders
Population
a collection that contains anything
Sample
a subset of that population
Random Sample
a randomly selected sample, where each member of the population had an equal chance of being selected
Stratified Random Sample
variation of random sample, but the population is stratified into mutually exclusive groups
Population Estimate Methods
are calculated for current population levels. Migration and Natural Increase, Ratio/Step Down, Symptomatic Methods
Projections
for future population levels.
Cohort Survival
Employment Driven
Step Down
Mathematic and Graphics
Holding Capacity
Migration - movement of people in and out of study area
Natural Incrase - crude birth rate minus crude death rate of population
Shift Share Analysis
Determines what portions of regional economic growth or decline can be attributed to national, economic industry, and regional factors
Helps identify industries where a regional economy has a competitive advantage over larger economy
Location Quotient
Ratio of proportion of local employment in one sector to similar proportion in national economy
used to identify degree of self-sufficiency in an employment sector
LQ<1 = local employment less than expected for given industry
LQ>1=local employment greater than expected and it is therefore assumed extra jobs that include goods and service
