Secondary Economic Activities

Question 1

Explain one pressure that working women face in Ireland today.

Answer 1

Many women found it difficult to balance the demands of work and home.Therefore,many women do not seek for promotions to senior positions.

Question 2

Why are millions of rural women migrating to China’s east coast today?

Answer 2

Millions of female workers are recent migrants from the countryside who have come to the coastal cities to seek work.

Question 3

Millions of women work at repetitive jobs in factories in China.Give two examples of that work.

Answer 3

Sewing garments and stitching handbags are the two examples of the tasks being done in the factories of China.

Question 4

List three changes in the role of women after 100 years.

Answer 4

• Free secondary education was introduced in 1967.This increased education levels for girls and boys.Today,girls enter third-level education in greater number than boys.
• The Women’s Liberation movement of the 1970’s - an international m,movement-led to many changes in the status of women.
• Mothers today have,on average,two children each. Therefore,women are less tied to motherhood and home-making.

Question 5

Name a few newly industrialized countries.

Answer 5

Taiwan

South Korea

Singapore

China

Question 6

Why are South-east Asian countries attractive to multinationals? Name one country that’s a target for multinationals.

Answer 6

South-East Asian countries are attractive to multinationals from the USA and Japan for example, because of their low labour costs.

Vietnam is now a target of multinationals because their labour costs are even lower than China’s.

Question 7

Chose which one out of the following is an input to a factory;

Capital

Labour

Packaging

By-products

Butter

Answer 7

Capital Labour

Question 8

Name the factors that influences the location of the factory.

Answer 8

Resource Materials

Transport Facilities

Capital Labour

EU policy

Multinational companies

Services Markets

Preferences of entrepreneurs and local communities

Question 9

What does the term Multinational companies mean?

Answer 9

Businesses that have more premises in more than one country.

E.g Nike,Dell,Intel

Question 10

Define the term footloose industry.

Answer 10

Manufacturing businesses that’s not tied to one place.

Question 11

Which type of industries were tied to coalfields before and why?

Elaborate your answer.

Answer 11

Heavy industries such as iron and steel industry,were tied to coalfield sites such as Belgium,France,Britain,Germany.

This was because coal became the main source of energy for smelting iron and steel.Manufacturing in Belgium,France,Britain and Germany has not been confined to coalfields for many decades.This is because coal is no longer the only source of energy that powers the factories.

Question 12

Why was textile manufacturing locate beside rivers in Ireland at one time?

Answer 12

Because Ireland had little or no coal.Therefore,water powers on rivers was used to power small flour and textile mills along rivers.

Question 15

Give four reasons why many manufacturing industries are footloose today.

Answer 15

Electricity is available.Electricity is the main source of energy for manufacturing today.

Industrial estates are widely dispersed both in Ireland and abroad.In Ireland,the IDA has encouraged many companies with light industries to set up plants in small towns.

Light industry products-high in value,low in weight-can be distributed cheaply to markets

Excellent transport on national roads and rail routes allows the transport of resource materials to factories in many locations.

Question 16

Define the term industrial inertia.

Answer 16

A factory remains although the reason for its location no longer exists.

Question 17

What happened to the British’ iron and steel industry during the early 1800’s?

Answer 17

Iron-making furnaces used charcoal from forests to smelt iron ore.Transport was very poor,therefore,iron works were resource based;they were located to where the source of iron was available.But forests were quickly cut down.Therefore,the industry has relocated to a new energy source-coalfields.

Question 18

List three reasons why the British iron and steel industry declined during 1960’s onwards.

Answer 18

Coalfields were exhausted after generation’s of mining.

Foreign steel such as Germany and Japan were producing cheaper steels than British producers.Demand for British-made steel declined.British steel companies began to lose money.

The coast of Britain became a more attractive location for steel plants.Iron ore and cheap Polish coal could be imported to coastal steel plants

Question 19

Why did Sheffield continued as a steel producer?

Answer 19

Sheffield continued as a steel producer because the steel melters of Sheffield has been modernised to make them more efficient.In this way,they can compete in price with imported steel.

Sheffield has a highly skilled workforce that has a long and proud tradition of steel-making.

Sheffield has excellent road and rail connections to their customers,therefore Sheffield steel has survived up to 20th century.

Question 20

What was the role of women in Ireland 100 years ago?

Answer 20

• Ireland,apart from northeast Ulster,was an agricultural society.
• Very few women worked outside their home.
• Very few women owned a property
• Women were tied to traditional roles of mother and wife.