Plate Tectonics and Volcanoes Flashcards
What are plates?
Crust broken into sections are called Plates
What causes plates to move on top of the mantle?
Elaborate how it moves
When the hot core heats magma in the mantle.This sets up Convection Currents in the mantle.
There is a friction between the convection currents and the plates and causes the Plates to move slowly on top.
Name the super continent that was once joined together.
Pangaea
Name the three movement of the Plate.
Collision
Seperation
Passive
What is magma?
Magma are melted rocks found in the mantle
Name three activities that take place at the plate boundaries when the large plates move
Volcanic activity
Earthquakes activity
Mountain building activity
Explain briefly how plates collide
When two plates collide,they build up a huge pressure.The heavier plate is forced downwards into the mantle where it melts.
Explain briefly how plates seperate.
Plates pull apart due to Convection Currents.When plates pull apart,molten magma rises up from the mantle,where it cools and new crust is formed and the mid ocean ridge.
Name two plates in collision
Nazca Plate and the South American Plate
Name two plates that are moving apart
The American Plate and The Eurasian Plate
The American Plate and The African Plate
True Or False?
No SINGLE plate can move without affecting the other
True
Define the word Lava
When Molten magma reaches the Earth’s surface,this is called a Lava
What’s the Mid Ocean Ridge
The Mid Ocean Ridge is an underwater mountain range
Explain how did the mid ocean ridge form?
It was formed when two plates seperate from each other.
As the plates move apart,molten magma rises from the mantle and fills in the gap.It then cools and solidifies to form a new ocean floor.As the eruption of magma continue in an endless cycle,the ocean floor is built up to form a long ridge of mountains.
Name the country where the mid ocean ridge is exposed
Iceland
Name the three volcanoes in Iceland
Krafla
Hekla
Surtsey
What’s Geothermal energy?
Hot Water or Steam from deep beneath the Earth’s surface is converted into Electricity.
Name three advantages of having hot springs in Iceland
Generate Geothermal energy
Centrally heat houses in urban areas such as Reykjavik
Heat green houses for growing vegetables
What’s a vent?
A hole in the crust where molten magma comes out or erupts
Where is the Pacific Ring Of Fire?
What does it contain?
This is a zone that encircles the Pacific Ocean.
More than half of the world’s active volcanoes are found along the Pacific Ring Of Fire
Name three types of Volanoes
Active
Dormant
Extinct
Explain how magma comes erupts on a Volcano
1) Magma reaches the surface through a vent.It may erupt violently.
2) When Magma reaches the surface,it is known as lava. Lava pours out of the crater and flows down the side of the cone.It cools and hardens.
3) Other materials may also come out during the eruption.Layers of these materials build up to form a cone shaped mountain
How are fold mountains formed?
When two plates collide,Great pressure is put on the plates.The rocks are compressed and this forces the rock layers to buckle and fold.
Name two fold mountain ranges in Ireland
Comeraghs
Magillicuddy’s reeks
