Second time not sure

Question 1

Question ID #41: Studies have been conducted to determine the relationship between number of therapy sessions and outcomes. Some of these studies demonstrate that, after only a few sessions, clients are most likely to show improvement in terms of which of the following?
Select one:
A. insight
B. interpersonal skills
C. sense of hopelessness 
D. stress

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Question ID #6504: Which of the following best describes the underlying assumptions of the use of cognitive-behavioral techniques for pain management?
Select one:
A. Since pain, to a large extent, is due to tension, it is important to incorporate relaxation techniques into treatment.
B. Chronic pain is connected to early childhood experiences, such as modeling of the sick role by parents.
C. The environmental contingencies associated with the display of symptoms and the person’s perception of control over symptoms must be attended to.
D. Chronic pain has a variety of social, cultural, and economic causes.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Question ID #39: From the perspective of Beck's cognitive therapy, suicidal individuals are characterized by a high degree of hopelessness coupled with:
Select one:
A. maladaptive interpretations.
B. poor problem-solving skills.  
C. the "cognitive triad."
D. impulsivity.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Question ID #6466: The Stroop test demonstrates loss of response inhibition following:
Select one:
A. temporal lobe damage.
B. parietal lobe damage.
C. frontal lobe damage.  
D. severation of the corpus callosum.

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Question ID #6464: When applied to teaching children, gestalt psychology would emphasize:
Select one:
A. repetition.
B. rote learning.
C. reinforcement.
D. learning patterns.

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Question ID #6547: Which of the following techniques would be least useful when working cross-culturally with a traditional Japanese family in therapy?
Select one:
A. when possible, framing a family member’s problems in an academic or vocational context to increase comfort with the counseling process
B. establishing your credibility by providing information about your education and background in the first session
C. providing the family with an immediate benefit in order to prevent premature termination
D. fostering empowerment of family members by adopting an egalitarian approach

Answer 6

D

Question 7

Question ID #56: A primary tenet of rational-emotive therapy is that:
Select one:
A. a belief determines behavior.
B. self-attributions determine behavior.
C. conditioning determines behavior.
D. internalized role constructs determine behavior.

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Question ID #6577: Wolfgang Kohler, a founder of the gestalt school of learning and thought, is known for applying gestalt learning principles to the development of
Select one:
A. unfinished business.
B. insight.
C. integration of all parts of the psyche.
D. awareness of psychological boundaries.

Answer 8

B

Question 9

Question ID #6471: One of the most consistent findings of the research on client factors in the therapy process is that
Select one:
A. more seriously disturbed clients have better outcomes in therapy.
B. higher levels of intelligence predict better therapy outcomes.
C. age is significantly related to therapy outcome.
D. men are more likely to seek therapy.

Answer 9

B

Question 10

Question ID #6531: An adolescent's behavior is motivated primarily by her needs for power and attention. Her problems would probably be best addressed by a therapist adopting the approach of:
Select one:
A. Adler.  
B. Ellis.
C. Perls.
D. Freud.

Answer 10

A

Question 11

Question ID #6478: Which of the following variables is most strongly related to a preference for therapists of the same racial group in African-American psychotherapy clients?
Select one:
A. education
B. IQ score
C. racial/cultural identification  
D. presenting issue

Answer 11

C

Question 12

Question ID #1: A father and his 19-year-old son present for therapy due a variety of conflicts in their relationship. The father is a businessman and the son is an artist. What techniques would a solution-focused family therapist use?
Select one:
A. Joining and restructuring.
B. Paradoxical directives and reframing
C. Miracle and scaling questions
D. Non-directive listening and interpretation

Answer 12

C

Question 13

Question ID #6490: Eric Berne feels which of the following reflect a person's characteristic pattern of giving and receiving strokes?
Select one:
A. Life position
B. Transaction
C. Script  
D. Ego state

Answer 13

C

Question 14

Question ID #6491: IPT believes that depression is primarily caused by:
Select one:
A. Disturbances in early life especially related to attachment
B. Biochemical factors
C. Disturbances in cognitive functioning
D. Faulty cognitions

Answer 14

A

Question 15

Question ID #6546: A therapist using Beck's cognitive approach to therapy would rely primarily on which of the following to induce desirable changes in a depressed client?
Select one:
A. Socratic questioning  
B. interpretation
C. reflecting
D. clarification and explanation

Answer 15

A

Question 16

Question ID #6519: Murray Bowen's approach to family therapy was strongly influenced by:
Select one:
A. gestalt therapy
B. psychodynamic theory  
C. existentialism
D. communications theory

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Question ID #6548: Traditional psychoanalytic psychotherapy and brief therapies derived from it share several characteristics but also differ in a number of ways. Which of the following is not true about brief forms of psychodynamic psychotherapy?
Select one:
A. In brief psychotherapy, past experiences are important to the degree that they contribute to the client’s current conflicts.
B. Brief therapy targets specific therapeutic goals, which are identified during the first few sessions.
C. In order to solve a client’s problems rapidly, brief therapy makes use of the “transference cure” rather than fostering the client’s insight into his or her problems.
D. Brief therapy can be described as a problem-solving process in which the therapist helps the client use his or her own resources to resolve current difficulties.

Answer 17

C

Question 18

Question ID #6787: About 50% of infants walk well by:
Select one:
A. 9 months.
B. 12 months.  
C. 14 months.
D. 16 months.

Answer 18

B

Question 19

Question ID #6904: According to Carol Gilligan, healthy identity development in early adolescence for females is
Select one:
A. traceable to a satisfactory infant-mother attachment.
B. related to the girl’s ability to stay connected to self and others.
C. related to the girl’s ability to develop a “gendered-less” identity.
D. closely related to the girl’s acceptance by peers.

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Question ID #6859: Vygotsky's work has most influenced which of the following teaching strategies?
Select one:
A. computer-adaptive testing
B. reciprocal teaching  
C. Montessori method
D. cognitive constructivism

Answer 20

B

Question 21

Question ID #6910: According to Piaget, which of the following underlies cognitive development?
Select one:
A. biological maturation
B. biological maturation and environmental stimulation
C. social interactions
D. changes in the ability to process, store, and retrieve information

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Question ID #6908: There is some evidence that children of divorced parents have more academic problems than children from intact families and that
Select one:
A. girls of divorced families exhibit poorer academic performance than boys of divorced families.
B. boys of divorced families exhibit poorer academic performance than girls of divorced families.
C. the negative effects of divorce on academic performance are not moderated by gender.
D. the negative effects of divorce on academic performance are observed in younger (but not older) children.

Answer 22

B

Question 23

Question ID #6898: The effects of parental discipline on the development of conscience in toddlers is mediated by the toddlers' level of:
Select one:
A. fearfulness  
B. intelligence
C. activity level
D. pain threshold

Answer 23

A

Question 24

Question ID #6822: Which of the following of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development is in the correct order?
Select one:
A. Punishment and obedience orientation, social contract and individual rights orientation, instrumental hedonistic orientation, authority and social order maintaining orientation
B. Preconventional, postconventional, conventional
C. Social relations orientation, instrumental hedonistic orientation, individual rights orientation, social order maintaining orientation
D. Instrumental hedonistic orientation, social relations orientation, social contract and individual rights orientation, universal ethical principles orientation

Answer 24

D

Question 25

Question ID #6834: Boys who come from divorced families:
Select one:
A. Have low self-esteem
B. Blame themselves
C. Have poorer academic performance
D. Are more apt to develop identity problems

Answer 25

C

Question 26

Question ID #6789: According to the research findings of Patterson and his colleagues, parents of aggressive children typically use discipline which is:
Select one:
A. consistent, but accompanied by humiliating verbal messages
B. consistent, but often followed by affection which sends mixed messages to the child
C. inconsistent, and often not associated with the child’s behavior
D. inconsistent, but which particularly ignores the child’s aggressive behaviors

Answer 26

C

Question 27

Question ID #6844: Which of the following stages in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development corresponds to Freud's latency stage?
Select one:
A. trust versus mistrust
B. autonomy versus shame
C. initiative versus guilt
D. industry versus inferiority

Answer 27

D

Question 28

Question ID #7132: The risk of a monozygotic twin of a Schizophrenia proband developing Schizophrenia is approximately:
Select one:
A. 0.25
B. 0.5  
C. 0.75
D. 1

Answer 28

B

Question 29

Question ID #7192: In pre-adolescence, Panic Disorder is
Select one:
A. impossible to distinguish from Separation Anxiety Disorder
B. not diagnosed since pre-adolescents cannot exhibit any of the cognitive symptoms of Panic Disorder
C. most likely manifested as chest pain, tachycardia, shortness of breath, and refusal to go to school
D. most likely manifested as chest pain, tachycardia, shortness of breath, and a feeling of “going crazy”

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Question ID #7069: Cognitive and behavioral symptoms such as impaired motor coordination, attention and memory, intellectual disability, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and poor judgment are characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The brain areas most likely to be affected by FAS include:
Select one:
A. brainstem, amygdala, and frontal lobes.
B. basal ganglia, hippocampus, and frontal lobes.
C. medulla, thalamus, and temporal lobes.
D. hypothalamus, thalamus, and parietal lobes.

Answer 30

B

Question 31

Question ID #7031: A child of a military veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is most likely to display which of the following behavioral problems?
Select one:
A. eating disturbances
B. kleptomania
C. hyperactivity  
D. Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Answer 31

C

Question 32

Question ID #7016: Of the following, which risk factor for childhood depression is the most prominent?
Select one:
A. substance use in parents.
B. comorbid disorder such as ADHD.
C. a parent with a depressive disorder.
D. low socioeconomic status

Answer 32

C

Question 33

Question ID #7024: Prior to puberty the incidence of Major Depressive Disorder:
Select one:
A. is about equal for boys and girls
B. is greater for boys than for girls
C. is greater for girls than for boys
D. doesn’t become evident in either gender before mid-adolescence

Answer 33

A

Question 34

Question ID #7086: Research comparing anxiety over the lifespan indicates:
Select one:
A. younger adults are more likely to benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy, whereas older adults are more likely to benefit from pharmacotherapy.
B. younger adults are more likely to be underdiagnosed and older adults more likely to be misdiagnosed as having an anxiety disorder.
C. younger adults are less likely to have comorbid symptoms of depression than older adults.
D. younger and older adults are equally likely to perceive symptoms as result of physical health problems.

Answer 34

C

Question 35

Question ID #7089: Research on the cognitive affects of chemotherapy and radiation on children with cancer indicate:
Select one:
A. cognitive abilities are affected only during the course of treatment with both radiation and chemotherapy.
B. cognitive abilities are affected only during the course of treatment with radiation, whereas chemotherapy is associated with developing cognitive problems following treatment.
C. young boys are at greater risk to have cognitive problems than girls.
D. younger children are at greater risk for more problems and more severe problems than are older children.

Answer 35

D

Question 36

Question ID #7176: All of the following are factors that typically distinguish Dissociative Amnesia from amnesia due to known physical causes, except
Select one:
A. in Dissociative Amnesia, memory loss is primarily for autobiographical information.
B. in Dissociative Amnesia, cognitive abilities are usually preserved.
C. in Dissociative Amnesia, memory loss can be reversed.
D. in Dissociative Amnesia, memory impairment is typically limited to information occurring immediately before an emotional trauma.

Answer 36

D

Question 37

Question ID #148: You are a small-town psychologist in a rural area and a client comes in and states that she is depressed and is having headaches. She has babysat with your child several times over the last year. She would like you to give her biofeedback sessions. You should first:
Select one:
A. Complete the biofeedback treatment and not ask her to babysit in the future.
B. Refer her to her family physician
C. Refer her to a psychologist in another town for therapy; it will be OK for you to complete the biofeedback sessions
D. Refer her to a biofeedback specialist in another town

Answer 37

B

Question 38

Question ID #173: Which of the following is a mental health service that HMOs must provide under federal requirements?
Select one:
A. pre- and post-pregnancy counseling.
B. psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy.
C. inpatient psychiatric care.
D. short-term outpatient evaluative crisis intervention.

Answer 38

D

Question 39

Question ID #162: What is needed for a successful malpractice lawsuit against a psychologist?
Select one:
A. A stated professional relationship
B. Significant neglect
C. Severe damage
D. Sufficient harm

Answer 39

D

Question 40

Question ID #177: A woman who has been abused by her husband comes to therapy. What would a family systems therapist do first in this case?
Select one:
A. invite the husband into therapy
B. teach her how to manage her husband’s anger
C. find out if the woman is currently safe from abuse and, if necessary, rehearse an escape plan with her
D. explore patterns of abuse in her family of origin

Answer 40

C

Question 41

Question ID #209: A 14-year old is brought to your office. He does not want to be there. His mother notes that they are referred by the school. The only presenting complaint is that his grades are much poorer than last year. Your evaluation indicates no significant other problematic areas in his life. Your best course of action is to:
Select one:
A. schedule ongoing treatment with yourself.
B. continue your assessment to ascertain the presence of hidden pathology.
C. explore the possibility of an educational intervention.
D. not do anything.

Answer 41

C

Question 42

Question ID #144: A child has been assigned a new legal guardian. His biological parents had a psychological evaluation completed and had received the results. The new legal guardian is requesting a copy of the report. What is the most correct thing to do?
Select one:
A. Get a signed release from the biological parents
B. Provide the legal guardian with a copy of the report
C. Send the report to the court mediator
D. Keep the evaluation on file until the child is emancipated; then forward to him

Answer 42

B

Question 43

Question ID #192: A psychologist who is very fearful of getting sued decides for this reason that he will not treat any patients with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder. The psychologist’s actions are:
Select one:
A. unethical, assuming that the psychologist is competent to treat such patients.
B. ethical as long as appropriate referrals are provided.
C. ethical regardless of whether appropriate referrals are made.
D. unethical, because it is inappropriate to consider the possibility of getting sued in making any clinical or treatment decision.

Answer 43

B

Question 44

Question ID #146: In the last session, your gorgeous new client complimented you on how nice you look in your red outfit. You noticed you were very happy before this session. You even caught yourself singing, “Oh What a Beautiful Morning” while looking in the mirror to do a final ‘visual check’ before seeing your client in. Ethically,
Select one:
A. You need to cancel this session
B. You need to consult with a colleague
C. You need to behave more appropriately
D. You need to get out more

Answer 44

B

Question 45

Question ID #140: The difference between professional ethics and professional values is best stated by which of the following?
Select one:
A. If a psychologist is ethical, there should be no difference between ethics and values.
B. Ethics are standards for practice set by the profession, while values refer to judgments of right and wrong.
C. Ethics can be stated more specifically than values.
D. Values specifically define appropriate professional conduct, while ethics are a more general code of proper professional conduct.

Answer 45

B

Question 46

Question ID #156: To testify as an “expert witness” in a court case, you must
Select one:
A. obtain certification as a forensic psychologist.
B. obtain certification in the specific area you are testifying about.
C. be recognized by both sides’ attorneys as an expert.
D. have specialized knowledge in the area about which you are testifying.

Answer 46

D

Question 47

Question ID #447: A researcher studying the relationship between age and job satisfaction collects data for a group of young, middle-aged, and older workers. The researcher can expect to find that
Select one:
A. the young people are most satisfied with their jobs.
B. the middle-aged people are most satisfied with their jobs.
C. the older people are most satisfied with their jobs.
D. there is no difference between the three groups in terms of their job satisfaction.

Answer 47

C

Question 48

Question ID #323: Krumbholtz’s Social Learning Theory of career development and decision-making emphasizes
Select one:
A. self-observation and world-view generalizations.
B. lifespan developmental stage.
C. personality type.
D. outcome expectations.

Answer 48

A

Question 49

Question ID #454: Tiedeman and O'Hara emphasize which of the following in the process of career development?
Select one:
A. innate drives
B. interests
C. aptitude
D. identity

Answer 49

D

Question 50

Question ID #385: Which of the following procedures summarizes and identifies key variables that describe the consequences of HR programs to improve decision making?
Select one:
A. utilization review
B. utility analysis  
C. concurrent review
D. quality management

Answer 50

B

Question 51

Question ID #400: Transactional leaders who wait for mistakes to be brought to their attention before taking corrective action are engaging in:
Select one:
A. corrective transactions
B. contingent rewarding
C. passive management-by-exception  
D. active management-by-exception

Answer 51

C

Question 52

Question ID #401: In the context of expectancy theory, instrumentality refers to:
Select one:
A. the willingness of a worker to exert effort.
B. the likelihood of effort leading to performance
C. the likelihood of performance leading to certain outcomes.
D. the value of the outcomes of performance.

Answer 52

C

Question 53

Question ID #349: Of the following, which proposed a social learning theory of career development in which career path is influence by the factors: genetic endowment; environmental conditions and events; learning experiences; and performance standards and values?
Select one:
A. Holland
B. Herzberg
C. Roe
D. Krumboltz

Answer 53

D

Question 54

Question ID #1096: Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of a repeated measures design?
Select one:
A. multicollinearity  
B. autocorrelation
C. practice effects
D. carryover effects

Answer 54

A

Question 55

Question ID #1088: A significant finding for a one-way ANOVA indicates that the
Select one:
A. group means were different.
B. sample means were different.
C. population means were different.  
D. within-group variance was different.

Answer 55

C

Question 56

Question ID #1070: When random assignment of subjects to groups is not possible, researchers use:
Select one:
A. Experimental design
B. Quasi-experimental design  
C. Developmental research
D. Longitudinal research

Answer 56

B

Question 57

Question ID #1316: Studies investigating the social cognition correlates of aggression in children suggest that the cognitive biases of these children tend to create a
Select one:
A. self-fulfilling prophecy effect.  
B. contrast effect.
C. personal fable.
D. rebound effect.

Answer 57

A

Question 58

Question ID #1314: Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that, when a college student is not accepted by the sorority she most wanted to join, the student will
Select one:
A. blame the sorority for not being accepted.
B. blame herself for not being accepted.
C. decide that she doesn’t really want to be in the sorority after all.
D. feel depressed until an alternative sorority accepts her.

Answer 58

C

Question 59

Question ID #1263: The most important factor found to exist as a criterion for initial attraction between people who have just met is:
Select one:
A. attitude similarity.
B. physical attractiveness.  
C. physical proximity.
D. all of the above.

Answer 59

B

Question 60

Question ID #1315: When the local public library removes a book from its shelves because of the book's shocking sexual content, sales of the book in the local bookstores rise sharply. This is an example of
Select one:
A. the rebound phenomenon.
B. reactance.  
C. reaction formation.
D. reactivity.

Answer 60

B

Question 61

Question ID #1313: Self-perception theory proposes that people base their:
Select one:
A. beliefs on their feelings
B. behaviors on their attitudes
C. attitudes on their behaviors  
D. attitudes on their feelings

Answer 61

C

Question 62

Question ID #1413: All of the following statements regarding item response theory are true, except
Select one:
A. it cannot be applied in the attempt to develop culture-fair tests.
B. it’s a useful theory in the development of computer programs designed to create tests tailored to the individual’s level of ability.
C. one of its assumptions is that test items measure a “latent trait.”
D. it usually has little practical significance unless one is working with very large samples.

Answer 62

A

Question 63

Question ID #1399: A company wants its clerical employees to be very efficient, accurate and fast. Examinees are given a perceptual speed test on which they indicate whether two names are exactly identical or slightly different. The reliability of the test would be best assessed by:
Select one:
A. test-retest  
B. Cronbach's coefficient alpha
C. split-half
D. Kuder-Richardson Formula 20

Answer 63

A