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SCWS BOARD Flashcards

1
Q

Define Risk

A

A possibility of loss or negative outcome

Risk is a fundamental concept in risk management and can impact decision-making processes.

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2
Q

Define Hazard

A

A real or potential condition that can cause illness, injury, damage, or death

Hazards are crucial in assessing safety and risk in various environments.

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3
Q

What is ORM?

A

A tool used to make decisions while managing risks

ORM stands for Operational Risk Management and is important in both military and civilian contexts.

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4
Q

List the 4 principles of ORM

A
  • Accept risk when outcome outweighs cost
  • Accept no unnecessary risk
  • Anticipate and manage risks by planning
  • Make decisions in the right time and level

These principles guide effective risk management practices.

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5
Q

What are the 3 levels of ORM?

A
  • In depth
  • Deliberate
  • Time critical

Each level corresponds to the urgency and complexity of the situation.

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6
Q

List the 5 steps of ORM

A
  • Identify
  • Assess
  • Make decisions
  • Implement
  • Supervise

These steps form a systematic approach to managing risks.

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7
Q

Define hazard severity and mishap in relation to risk assessment code

A

Probability A-E and Severity 1-4

This classification helps in understanding the likelihood and impact of potential hazards.

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8
Q

What are the probability classifications in risk assessment?

A
  • A - Frequent
  • B - Likely
  • C - Occasional
  • D - Seldom
  • E - Unlikely

These classifications help assess the likelihood of hazards occurring.

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9
Q

What are the severity classifications in risk assessment?

A
  • 1 - Catastrophic
  • 2 - Critical
  • 3 - Moderate
  • 4 - Negligible

Severity levels indicate the potential impact of a mishap.

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10
Q

What is TCRM?

A

Applying ORM when time is short and of essence

TCRM stands for Time Critical Risk Management.

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11
Q

List the ABCD of TCRM

A
  • A - Assess situation
  • B - Balance resources
  • C - Communicate
  • D - Do and Debrief

These actions are essential for effective decision-making in high-pressure situations.

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12
Q

What are the responsibilities of the CO in safety?

A

Responsible for the safety and healthcare of all military and civilian personnel, and government property

The Commanding Officer plays a critical role in ensuring overall safety.

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13
Q

What is the role of the XO in safety?

A

Chairman of the Safety Council

The Executive Officer leads safety initiatives and policies.

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14
Q

What does the Safety Officer do?

A

Advises the CO on matters of safety and investigates mishaps

The Safety Officer is key in maintaining safety protocols.

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15
Q

What is the responsibility of the Department Head in safety?

A

Responsible for safety in their jurisdiction

Department Heads ensure safety measures are followed within their areas.

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16
Q

What is the responsibility of the Work Center Supervisor?

A

Overall responsible for safety of their troops and develops safety plans

This role is vital in implementing safety practices at the operational level.

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17
Q

What is the role of the Safety Petty Officer?

A

Monitors safety within their company

Safety Petty Officers are essential for day-to-day safety oversight.

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18
Q

What is the responsibility of ‘All hands’ in safety?

A

Responsible for their own safety and that of others

Collective responsibility is crucial for maintaining a safe work environment.

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19
Q

At what DBA level are ear plugs required?

A

84 DBA

Hearing protection is mandatory at specified decibel levels to prevent hearing loss.

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20
Q

At what DBA level is double hearing protection required?

A

104 DBA

This requirement is in place to protect personnel in high noise environments.

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21
Q

What led to the establishment of the US Navy?

A
  1. Disbandment of the continental navy and marine corps after the revolutionary war
  2. Commissioning of six frigates in 1794 to protect merchants against pirates
  3. Establishment of the department of the navy on April 30th, 1798

These events were pivotal in the formation of naval forces in the United States.

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22
Q

List the 7 principles of planning naval operations

A
  • Relevance
  • Clarity
  • Timeliness
  • Flexibility
  • Participation
  • Resources
  • Coordination

These principles guide effective naval planning and execution.

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23
Q

What is the mission of the Navy?

A
  • P - Project
  • C - Control
  • P - Presence

The Navy’s mission encompasses various strategic objectives.

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24
Q

Who is RADM Ben Morrell?

A

Father of the Seabees

RADM Morrell played a significant role in establishing the Seabees as a vital component of naval operations.

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25
Who was CMA3 Shields?
First Seabee to receive the Medal of Honor (Vietnamese, Dong Zoai) ## Footnote Shields' actions exemplified bravery and dedication in combat.
26
What recognition did SW2 Stethem receive?
Purple Heart and Bronze Star; involved in hijacking ## Footnote Stethem's service highlighted the risks faced by military personnel.
27
When is the birthday of the Navy?
October 13, 1775 ## Footnote This date marks the official establishment of the Navy.
28
When is the birthday of the Seabees?
March 5, 1942 ## Footnote The Seabees were formed to support naval operations with construction and engineering capabilities.
29
How many Seabees served in WWII?
325,000 ## Footnote The Seabees made significant contributions during World War II.
30
What is the CEC?
Established in 1867, responsible for planning, construction, and public works functions at Navy and Marine Corps bases worldwide ## Footnote The Civil Engineer Corps plays a crucial role in military infrastructure.
31
List the 4 weapon rules
* Treat every weapon as if loaded * Never point at anything you don't intend to shoot * Keep finger off trigger until ready to fire * Keep weapon on safe until ready to fire ## Footnote These rules are essential for firearm safety.
32
What are the 4 weapon conditions?
* Chambered * N/A * Loaded * Empty ## Footnote Understanding weapon conditions is vital for safe handling.
33
List weapons used by NCF
* M9 * M4 * M500 * M203 * MK19 * 240B * M2 * M136 ## Footnote These weapons are standard issue for Naval Construction Forces.
34
Define malfunction
Mechanical failure ## Footnote Malfunctions can compromise operational effectiveness.
35
Define misfire
Failure to fire ## Footnote Misfires require immediate attention to ensure safety.
36
What is the cyclic rate of fire?
Theoretical number of rounds a weapon can fire in one minute ## Footnote This metric helps in understanding a weapon's firing capability.
37
What is the sustained rate of fire?
Actual rate of fire a weapon can deliver for an indefinite period of time without overheating ## Footnote This rate is critical for sustained engagements.
38
List the cycle of operation steps
* Feeding * Chambering * Locking * Firing * Unlocking * Extracting * Ejecting * Cocking ## Footnote These steps outline the functioning of a firearm.
39
Define Trajectory
Flight path of bullet ## Footnote Understanding trajectory is crucial for accurate shooting.
40
Define Breech
Rear of the Barrel ## Footnote The breech is a critical component in firearm mechanics.
41
Define Bore
Hole in the Barrel ## Footnote The bore size affects the type of ammunition that can be used.
42
Define Chamber
Largest part of the barrel where the round sits ## Footnote The chamber is essential for proper ammunition seating.
43
Define Muzzle
Front of the Barrel ## Footnote The muzzle is where the bullet exits the firearm.
44
Define Muzzle velocity
Speed bullet travels out of the Muzzle ## Footnote Muzzle velocity affects range and accuracy.
45
Define Max Range
Greatest distance round will travel ## Footnote Max range is important for planning engagements.
46
Define Max Effective Range
Greatest distance expected to fire accurately ## Footnote Effective range is crucial for tactical operations.
47
What does orange/red ammunition signify?
Tracer ## Footnote Tracer rounds help in aiming and tracking shots.
48
What does violet ammunition signify?
Blanks ## Footnote Blank rounds are used for training and non-lethal scenarios.
49
What does black ammunition signify?
Armor Piercing ## Footnote Armor-piercing rounds are designed to penetrate protective gear.
50
What does aluminum ammunition signify?
Armor piercing; Incendiary ## Footnote This type of ammunition is designed for specific combat scenarios.
51
What does green/brass ammunition signify?
Standard ## Footnote Standard ammunition is used for general purposes.
52
List types of grenades
* Frag * Illumination * Smoke * Incendiary * Chemical * Training * Concussion ## Footnote Different grenades serve various tactical purposes.
53
What is a Claymore?
Directional fixed mine ## Footnote Claymores are used for area denial and ambushes.
54
What is the aim height and effective range of a Claymore?
Aim 8ft high at 50 meters, 50-60 meters kill, 100 meters effective, 250 meters dangerous ## Footnote Understanding these parameters is essential for proper deployment.
55
What is a Final Protection Line (FPL)?
A predetermined line where fire is placed to stop an enemy assault ## Footnote FPLs are critical for defensive operations.
56
What is Primary Direction of Fire (PDF)?
Direction of fire given priority due to high direction of approach ## Footnote This ensures focused fire where it is most needed.
57
What are Range Cards?
Basis for the Fire Plan at a sector Level ## Footnote Range cards help in planning and executing fire support.
58
Define Manday
Unit of work performed in 8 hours ## Footnote Mandays are a key metric in project planning.
59
What is the Manday estimate formula?
MD = CS x WD x AF x DF ## Footnote This formula helps in calculating labor requirements.
60
What is a Project Scope?
A scope sheet includes general site info, description of the site and a environmental protection plan ## Footnote Project scope outlines the parameters of a construction project.
61
Define Direct labor
Labor that directly affects construction tasks ## Footnote Direct labor is essential for project execution.
62
Define Indirect labor
Labor that supports construction ## Footnote Indirect labor includes roles that facilitate project completion.
63
What is a Multiplier/ Delay factor?
Used to adjust the original MD estimate by taking production into account ## Footnote This factor helps in refining labor estimates.
64
What does FAR stand for?
Field Adjustment Request ## Footnote FARs are used to modify project specifications.
65
What does DCD stand for?
Design Change Directive ## Footnote DCDs document changes to design specifications.
66
What are the 3 phases for project Quality Control?
* Preparatory * Initial * Follow Up ## Footnote These phases ensure quality throughout the construction process.
67
What is a CAS Sheet?
Construction Activity Summary Sheet, outline of work to be done to include dates, mandays, description of work scope, and material needed, equipment needed ## Footnote CAS Sheets are critical for project management.
68
What is PGI Gear?
Standard issue gear and field equipment ## Footnote PGI Gear is essential for operational readiness.
69
What is MTV?
Body armor system ## Footnote MTV provides protection for personnel in combat situations.
70
What is a Dug in emplacement?
A type of defensive position ## Footnote These positions enhance survivability in combat.
71
What is a Grenade sump?
Narrow pit to allow grenades to be kicked into to minimize damage ## Footnote This design helps reduce risks to personnel.
72
Define Camouflage
General term used to conceal yourself, equipment and position ## Footnote Camouflage is vital for stealth operations.
73
Define Cover
Protection from fire of enemy weapons ## Footnote Cover is essential for personnel safety in combat.
74
Define Concealment
Protection from hostile ground or air observation ## Footnote Concealment helps maintain operational security.
75
What is a Ground flare?
Move quickly out of the light ## Footnote Ground flares are used for signaling and illumination.
76
What is an Overhead flare?
Crouch down or lay down, wait for flare to burn out ## Footnote Overhead flares can illuminate areas while minimizing exposure.
77
What are the Terrain Aspects?
* Key features * Observation and fields of fire * Concealment * Obstacles * Avenue of approach ## Footnote These aspects are essential for tactical planning.
78
What is a Topographic Map?
Portrays terrain and landforms ## Footnote Topographic maps are crucial for navigation and planning.
79
What does it mean to Orient a map?
Turn map and compass together until the north arrow is lined up with the index line ## Footnote Proper orientation is vital for accurate navigation.
80
What is a Lensatic compass?
Most common and simplest form for measuring direction and angles in the field ## Footnote This tool is essential for land navigation.
81
Define Azimuth
Direction, defined as a horizontal angle measured from north ## Footnote Azimuth is key in navigation and targeting.
82
What does black represent on a map?
Man made features ## Footnote Map colors aid in interpreting various landscape elements.
83
What does blue represent on a map?
Water ## Footnote Understanding map colors is essential for navigation.
84
What does green represent on a map?
Vegetation ## Footnote Map colors provide important information about terrain.
85
What does brown represent on a map?
Contour lines ## Footnote Contour lines indicate elevation changes on a map.
86
List the steps of Patrol Planning
* Study the mission * Plan use of time * Study terrain and situation * Organize patrol * Select personnel, weapons, and equipment * Issue warning order * Coordinate * Recon * Complete detailed plans * Issue patrol order * Supervise, inspect, and rehearse * Execute mission ## Footnote These steps ensure effective and safe patrol operations.
87
What does BAMCIS stand for?
* B - Begin planning * A - Arrange recon and coordinate * M - Make the recon * C - Complete the plan * I - Issue patrol order * S - Supervise ## Footnote BAMCIS is a mnemonic for effective planning and execution.
88
What does SALUTE stand for?
* S - Size of enemy unit * A - Activity of the enemy * L - Location of the enemy * U - Uniform worn * T - Time of each activity noted * E - Equipment used by the enemy ## Footnote SALUTE reports facilitate effective communication of enemy activity.
89
What does ADDRAC stand for?
* A - Alert unit of enemies * D - Direction enemy location * D - Description brief description of enemy * R - Range to the target * A - Assignment tell who to fire on enemy * C - Control signal to open fire ## Footnote ADDRAC is a communication tool for engaging enemy threats.
90
What does SMEAC stand for?
* S - Situation * M - Mission * E - Execution * A - Admin and logistics * C - Command and signal ## Footnote SMEAC provides a structured approach to briefing operational plans.
91
What does DRAW-D stand for?
* D - Defend * R - Reinforce * A - Attack * W - Withdraw * D - Delay ## Footnote DRAW-D is a mnemonic for tactical decision-making.
92
What does METT-T stand for?
* M - Mission * E - Enemy * T - Terrain and Weather * T - Troops * T - Time ## Footnote METT-T is a framework for assessing operational environments.
93
What is a SPOT REPORT?
Who, what, when, where, why ## Footnote SPOT REPORTs provide essential information in operational contexts.
94
What are SAFE security measures?
* Security - 360 degree sweep * Automatic weapons - place crew served weapons * Fields of fire - Clear fields of fire ensuring interlocking fire * Entrenchment - Dig fighting positions, cover and concealment ## Footnote SAFE measures enhance defensive capabilities.
95
What are Range Cards?
Rough sketches used by crew served weapons for fire planning and recording firing data ## Footnote Range cards help in organizing fire support.
96
What are the 6 S’s and T for Detainees?
* Search - weapons and documents * Secure - Restrain and hold * Silence - Don't allow to talk to each other * Segregate - Prevent organization * Safeguard - Protect from friendly, enemy, and other EPW * Speed - Arrange transport to higher facility * Tag - prisoners, documents and equipment ## Footnote These steps ensure proper handling of detainees.
97
What are the FPCON levels?
* Alpha - An increased General Threat * Bravo - Increased or more predictable threat * Charlie - When an incident happens or intel shows an attack is likely * Delta - Immediate area of an attack ## Footnote FPCON levels dictate security measures based on threat levels.
98
What does ROE stand for?
Rules of engagement ## Footnote ROE governs the use of force in military operations.
99
What are wire entanglements?
* Tactical - Used to funnel and break up formations of enemies into CSW lines of fire * Protective - Triple strand, placed 50 meters from fighting position, prevents close surprise attacks * Supplementary - Conceal the exact lines of the tactical wire and to keep enemy out of weak areas in the defense ## Footnote Wire entanglements are critical for fortifying defensive positions.
100
List the Fire Team Formations
* Column - Used when speed and control are governing factors * Wedge - Used when enemy fire is likely but not certain * Skirmishers - Used when assaulting a known enemy position * Echelon - Used primarily to protect an exposed flank ## Footnote Different formations serve specific tactical purposes.
101
What is an ambush?
Return fire and push through ## Footnote Ambush tactics are employed to surprise and engage the enemy.
102
What is a far ambush?
Take cover and withdraw ## Footnote Far ambush tactics prioritize safety and tactical withdrawal.
103
What is a convoy ambush?
Return fire and drive through ## Footnote Convoy ambush strategies are designed for offensive engagement.
104
What are the requirements for Landing Zones (LZ)?
* Slope cannot be more than 14 degrees * Rocks and stumps cannot exceed 1 Ft * If smoke is used, wait for pilot to acknowledge color ## Footnote Proper LZ conditions are critical for safe helicopter landings.
105
List the 9 Line elements
* Location * Radio frequency * # of casualties * Special equipment * # of litter/ walking * Security at site * Method of marking * Nationality and status * NBC contamination ## Footnote The 9 Line format is used for medical evacuation requests.
106
What does COSAL stand for?
Consolidated shipboard/ shorebased allowance list ## Footnote COSAL outlines necessary supplies for naval operations.
107
What does OPTAR stand for?
Operational Target ## Footnote OPTAR is a command budget for operational expenses.
108
What is a DBR?
Departmental budget report ## Footnote DBRs provide insight into the status of OPTAR.
109
What does DLA stand for?
Defense Logistics Agency ## Footnote DLA manages global supply chains for military operations.
110
What is a DD1348?
Follow-up, modifier, or cancellation request ## Footnote This form is used for supply chain management.
111
What is NAVSUP 1149?
Invoice or shipping document ## Footnote NAVSUP 1149 is essential for tracking supplies.
112
What is a DD200?
Survey form for lost, damaged, or stolen equipment ## Footnote DD200s are critical for accountability in military logistics.
113
What does NORS stand for?
Not Operational Ready Supply ## Footnote NORS identifies equipment that is out of service.
114
What does ANORS stand for?
Anticipated Non-Operational Ready Supply ## Footnote ANORS indicates expected readiness issues.
115
What does CTR stand for?
Central Tool Room ## Footnote CTR manages tools and equipment for maintenance.
116
What does ARP stand for?
Automotive Repair Parts ## Footnote ARP includes components necessary for vehicle maintenance.
117
What does CSR stand for?
Central Supply Room ## Footnote CSR is a facility for managing supplies and materials.
118
What does ACR stand for?
Allowance Change Request ## Footnote ACRs are used to request changes in inventory levels.
119
What does MLO stand for?
Material Liaison Office ## Footnote MLO is responsible for managing project materials.
120
What is Plant Property?
Property that costs 5000 dollars or more ## Footnote Plant Property is subject to strict accountability measures.
121
What is Minor Property?
Property that costs 300-5000 dollars, or more than 5000 but has a life of less than 2 years ## Footnote Minor Property includes items that require less stringent controls.
122
What is Personal Support Property?
Furniture, beds, desks ## Footnote Personal Support Property is essential for personnel accommodations.
123
What is a Controlled Item?
Equipment requiring special control ## Footnote Controlled Items are subject to rigorous security and accountability measures.
124
What does TOA stand for?
Table of allowance ## Footnote TOA outlines equipment requirements for wartime or disaster relief operations.
125
What does NSN stand for?
National Stock Number ## Footnote NSNs are used for identifying and managing military supplies.
126
What does APL stand for?
Allowance Part List ## Footnote APLs detail the parts necessary for specific equipment.
127
What does COG stand for?
Alpha numeric code for inventory management ## Footnote COGs are essential for tracking and managing supplies.
128
What does AEL stand for?
Allowance Equipage List ## Footnote AELs specify equipment unique to a unit or platform.
129
What does NC stand for?
Not carried ## Footnote This designation indicates items not currently in inventory.
130
What does NIS stand for?
Not in stock ## Footnote NIS indicates items that are temporarily unavailable.
131
What does SIM stand for?
Selected Item Management ## Footnote SIM items are inventoried quarterly for better management.
132
What does ROD stand for?
Report of deficiency ## Footnote RODs document shipping or packing discrepancies.
133
What does QDR stand for?
Quality deficiency report ## Footnote QDRs address quality or design flaws in equipment.
134
What are the MOPP levels?
* MOPP 0 - No attack; nothing worn * MOPP 1 - Attack is possible; Overgarment * MOPP 2 - Attack is likely; Overgarment, overboots * MOPP 3 - Overgarment, overboots, mask * MOPP 4 - Attack ongoing; Overgarment, overboots, hood, gloves worn ## Footnote MOPP levels indicate the necessary protective gear in CBR scenarios.
135
What is JSLIST?
CBR gear ## Footnote JSLIST provides chemical, biological, radiological protection.
136
What is the opened lifespan of JSLIST?
120 days ## Footnote JSLIST must be properly stored to maintain effectiveness.
137
What is the worn lifespan of JSLIST?
45 days ## Footnote Continuous wear can degrade the effectiveness of protective gear.
138
What is the exposed lifespan of JSLIST?
24 hours ## Footnote Exposure to elements can significantly reduce the gear's effectiveness.
139
Define Chemical hazards
Chemicals that can cause death or harm ## Footnote Understanding chemical hazards is critical for safety and risk management.
140
Define Biological hazards
Organism or substance from an organism that is a threat to human or animal health ## Footnote Biological hazards can have significant health impacts.
141
Define Radiological hazards
Any electromagnetic or particulate radiation that is capable of creating ions ## Footnote Radiological hazards require specific safety protocols.
142
What is Active defence?
Measures taken to defeat an attack ## Footnote Active defence strategies are crucial in combat situations.
143
What is Passive defence?
Measures taken to minimize effects of an attack ## Footnote Passive defence includes strategies like fortification.
144
What should you do during a Nuclear attack?
Drop with feet toward blast, close eyes, protect skin ## Footnote These actions can help mitigate injury during a nuclear explosion.
145
What should you do during a Biological attack?
MOPP 4 ## Footnote MOPP 4 provides maximum protection against biological agents.
146
What should you do during a Chemical attack?
Give warning, take cover, MOPP 4 ## Footnote Immediate actions are crucial for survival in a chemical attack.
147
What are TIMs?
Toxic industrial materials - TIC, TIB, TIR ## Footnote TIMs pose significant risks in industrial settings.
148
What does MOPP 1 indicate?
Attack is possible; Overgarment ## Footnote MOPP stands for Mission Oriented Protective Posture, a system for ensuring personnel are protected against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threats.
149
List the components of MOPP 2.
* Overgarment * Overboots ## Footnote MOPP 2 indicates that an attack is likely.
150
What items are worn in MOPP 3?
* Overgarment * Overboots * Mask ## Footnote MOPP 3 indicates that an attack is imminent.
151
What does MOPP 4 signify?
Attack ongoing; overgarment, overboots, hood, gloves worn. ## Footnote MOPP 4 requires full protective gear.
152
What is the JSLIST?
CBR gear ## Footnote JSLIST stands for Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology.
153
How long can the JSLIST be opened?
120 days ## Footnote This is the maximum time the JSLIST can be stored before use.
154
What does M9 tape detect?
Liquid nerve and blister agents ## Footnote If exposed, the paper will appear pink, purple, or any shade of red.
155
What do the colors on M8 paper indicate?
* Red = Blister * Yellow = G Nerve * Green = V Nerve ## Footnote M8 paper is used to detect liquid nerve and blister agents.
156
What is the purpose of the M291 kit?
Skin decontamination kit ## Footnote It comes in a wallet-like pouch with 6 decontamination packets.
157
What does the M256A1 detect?
Presence of nerve, blood, and blister agents in vapor form ## Footnote It is used for field detection of CBR agents.
158
What are the Secnav energy goals? List them.
* Increase alternative energy ashore * Increase alternate energy navy wide * Increase Great Green fleet * Reduce non-tactical petroleum use * Energy efficient acquisition ## Footnote These goals aim to enhance energy sustainability within the Navy.
159
What is the purpose of the ACL?
Allowable Cargo Load ## Footnote ACL refers to the maximum weight of cargo that can be loaded onto a transport.
160
What does TALCE stand for?
Tanker Airlift Control Element ## Footnote TALCE provides support for onload/offload, maintenance, and servicing.
161
What is the maximum capacity of a 463L pallet?
10,000 lbs ## Footnote The 463L pallet is a standard U.S. military cargo platform.
162
What are the three types of shoring?
* Rolling * Parking * Sleeper ## Footnote Shoring protects the aircraft cargo floor from damage.
163
What does HAZMINCEN stand for?
Hazardous Minimization Center ## Footnote HAZMINCEN issues, receives, prepares for disposal, and stores excess stock of hazardous materials.
164
List the six categories of Hazmat.
* Flammables * Aerosols * Toxic * Compressed Gases * Oxidizers * Corrosives ## Footnote These categories help classify harmful materials for safety and handling purposes.
165
What level of PPE provides the greatest level of protection?
Level A ## Footnote Level A PPE is used when the highest level of respiratory and skin protection is required.
166
What are the four rules for using a stretcher?
* Use standard stretchers when available * Bring stretcher to casualty * Fasten casualty securely * Move feet first ## Footnote These rules ensure the safety of both the casualty and the personnel assisting.
167
What is the ABC of life support?
* Airway * Breathing * Circulation ## Footnote These are the critical steps to assess and maintain a person's vital functions.
168
What are the types of bleeding?
* Arterial - bright and spurts * Venous - dark and has a steady flow * Capillary - slow from the cut ## Footnote Understanding types of bleeding is crucial for effective first aid.
169
What does the CO stand for in an administrative context?
Commanding Officer ## Footnote The CO is directly responsible for the readiness and successful completion of operations.
170
What is the role of the XO?
Take precedence over all other persons under command of the CO ## Footnote The Executive Officer (XO) assists the CO in managing the command.

SCWS (15 decks)

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